North American Recent Soft-Shelled Turtles (Family Trionychidae)Webb, Robert G. (Robert Gravem)
Science
North American Recent Soft-Shelled Turtles (Family Trionychidae)
Webb, Robert G. (Robert Gravem)
Soft-shelled turtles
Head extended, terminating in flexible snout; septal ridges projecting
into each rounded nostril; tip of snout darkened; jaws open, each
covered by fleshy lips except anteriorly where horny portions exposed;
dark triangular mark in front of eyes, base line uninterrupted,
slightly curved anteriorly, connecting anterior margins of orbits;
eyelids having blackish dots, especially upper, closing eyes; small
blackish dots on dorsal surface of head; pale postocular stripe
dark-bordered, interrupted; pale portion of stripe traversed by black
line; pale subocular blotch margined by broken blackish border; side
of head having contrasting blackish marks on pale background;
postlabial stripe having lower blackish border on right side of head;
chin with ill-defined marks, not contrasting on grayish background;
well-defined, ragged black line on side of neck separating dorsal
coloration from immaculate ventral coloration; small dark dots on
dorsal surface of neck; dorsal surface of head and neck olive or
brownish, becoming paler laterally and toward insertion of neck;
maximum width of head, 2.1 centimeters.
Forefeet and hind feet well-webbed each having five digits; each limb
having nails on first three digits; each forelimb with four
antebrachial scales, three of which have free edge; each hind limb
with two horny scales, one smooth on posterodorsal surface and other
with free edge on posteroventral surface; contrasting pattern of
blackish marks, mostly roundish, on pale background of grayish-white.
Tail terminating in flexible point; penis partly exposed; cloacal
opening extending beyond posterior edge of carapace; tail having
dorsal grayish band flanked by interrupted blackish lines; dark marks
encroaching ventrally at tip of tail.
Undersurface of soft parts of body whitish, with pinkish tinge; dark
marks lacking on soles, present on webbing and palms; dark marks
arranged in linear fashion coincident with digits.
_Range._--Southern Oklahoma, eastern Texas, extreme southwestern
Arkansas, and the western half of Louisiana; Red River drainage and
rivers that drain into the Gulf of Mexico east of the Brazos River
drainage in Texas and west of the Atchafalaya River drainage in
Louisiana. The Brazos River drainage is inhabited by a population that
more closely resembles _pallidus_ than _guadalupensis_ (see comments
under subsection entitled "Remarks"; see map, Fig. 19).
_Diagnosis._--Juvenal pattern of white dots that are usually absent or
inconspicuous, but sometimes distinct and small, on anterior third of
carapace, and not surrounded with dark ocelli; white dots often absent
on posterior half of carapace of hatchlings; white spots, rarely as
large as two millimeters in diameter, not encircled with black ocelli
on adult males; pale rim of carapace less than four times wider
posteriorly than laterally.
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