In Minnesota, _spinifer_ has been taken from the Mississippi River, which is described as fairly swift having a fluctuating water level, sandy islands, mud banks, a bed of pebbles and large boulders, and abundant crawfish (Breckenridge, 1955:5). In Michigan, Edgren (1942:180) recorded _spinifer_ from a "very small muck-bottomed lake." Evans and Roecker (1951:69) recorded _spinifer_ from Long Point, Lake Ontario, which is a "broad sand spit, straight on the lakeward side but irregular with wet flats and lagoons on the bayside." In Kansas, Brumwell (1951:207-08) found "mostly young [_muticus_] ... in the old ponds left during flood stages of the Missouri River" ... and _spinifer_ occasionally ... "in the backwaters where stagnant ponds had been formed." In southcentral Kansas, Burt (1935:321) reported _muticus_ from "a sandbar at junction of a small creek and Medicine River" ... and ... a "shallow sand-bottomed, algae-filled pasture streamlet." The same author reported _spinifer_ from a "sand-bottomed prairie streamlet" ... and ... "an alga-filled pool near a stream." Burt (_loc. cit._) remarked that "No ecological differences in general habitat and field behavior of _mutica_ and _spinifer_ are evident in Kansas." Clarke (1958:21) observed _spinifer_ in Long Creek (Osage County, Kansas), which is a winding stream, characterized by numerous deep holes alternating with rocky riffles, and having high and wooded banks, and mostly mud bottom but occasional rock bottom. Marr (1944:490) mentioned a _spinifer_ that was obtained on the bank of a small, mud-bottomed stream in the Texas panhandle, and Linsdale and Gressitt (1937:222) recorded _spinifer_ from irrigation canals in Baja California.