Another cross which has attained some importance in the last years is the hybrid between Japanese chestnut (forest type, from U.S.D.A.) and S-8, the latter being a hybrid between Japanese chestnut and _C. pumila_, the common chinquapin. This cross has a high degree of resistance and a sufficiently good form to make it a possible timber tree (Fig. 1). It is also a fairly good nut bearer with nuts which ripen early, perhaps due to the influence of the chinquapin parent (Fig. 2). Selected individuals of this hybrid were intercrossed, and some crossing with the native chestnut was done. In the last two seasons the total harvest from some older Chinese trees (26 yrs.) was recorded. The best tree yielded 25.0 lbs. in 1951 and 28.2 lbs. in 1952; on other trees the yield varied between 15 to 22 lbs. The average size of the nuts varies considerably from year to year on the same tree. On one Japanese tree the average weight per nut was 5.6 g. in 1951 and 14.5 g. in 1952; on a Chinese tree the same values were 7.7 g. and 15.1 g. Other trees showed a 20-40 per cent increase in the average weight per nut in 1952 over 1951. This seems to indicate a marked influence of the climatic conditions during the latter part of the growing season on the weight of the nuts. A long-term study of this relationship might yield some interesting results. [Illustration: Fig. 1. Hybrid of S-8 and _Castanea crenata_, U.S.D.A, forest type, 18 years old. About 35 ft. high. Good forest type and also good nut bearer. Blight resistant. Sleeping Giant Chestnut Plantation, Hamden, Conn. Photo by Louis Buhle, Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Sept. 26, 1952.] [Illustration: Fig. 2. Fruiting branches and nuts of S-8 x _crenata_, Sleeping Giant Chestnut Plantation. About 1/2 natural size. Photo by B. W. McFarland, Conn. Agric. Expt. Sta. Sept. 8, 1952.] Grafting