Northern Nut Growers Association Thirty-Fourth Annual Report 1943
Science
Northern Nut Growers Association Thirty-Fourth Annual Report 1943
Northern Nut Growers Association -- Periodicals; Nut trees -- Periodicals; Nuts -- Periodicals
The purpose of the scoring system under discussion in this paper is to
provide a realistic method of judging the relative merit of different
clones of black walnuts that can be used mostly by members of the
Northern Nut Growers Association or others having some skill in cracking
technique. At the present time the Association has little reliable
information either as to the performance of different varieties under
different conditions in any one locality, from year to year on the same
tree, or the suitability of any one variety growing in far different
parts of the United States. It is important that such information be
available and a workable basis of evaluation would be of the greatest
value in obtaining it. Much of our information at the present time is
from the many tests made by N. F. Drake(6, 7, 8) which are of great
value in rating varieties. His schedule is an improvement over any
previously proposed but fails to provide standard sampling and cracking
procedure and includes the items of flavor and color which are in no way
objective characters. The use of a point score based on the concept of a
"perfect nut" is cumbersome and considered undesirable by the committee.
It is recognized that the value of a variety depends also upon the
bearing habit of the tree, the nature of the husk, disease resistance
and other characters.
It has been five years since the present schedule was proposed and
enough tests have been made to give a basis for judgment as to the
merits and weaknesses of the schedule. As stated in the original
committee report it is generally agreed that the best measure of the
value of a nut of any clone is the amount of usable or marketable
kernels that can be obtained from a given weight of shucked nuts with
the least labor. The characteristics of the nuts that contribute to this
value are recognized as follows:
1. The size of the individual nut.
2. The per cent of kernel of total sample weight recovered
without recracking and without the use of a pick.
3. The total per cent of kernel of total weight of sample.
4. The number of quarters.
5. The plumpness of the kernels.
6. The number of empty nuts or nuts with shrivelled kernels in the sample.
Flavor and color may be important but are so dependent upon personal
preference and on the treatment of the samples before testing that they
cannot be rated numerically.
In considering the value of any schedule the following questions are
pertinent:
1. Is it possible for one operator testing one lot of nuts to
obtain the same score with replicate random samples?
2. Is it possible for different operators to obtain approximately
the same score on replicate samples?
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