On that occasion Earl Russell informed Lord Napier, then Her Majesty's Ambassador at St. Petersburgh, that the effect of the 1st and 11th Articles of the Treaty was to place British subjects on the footing of Russian subjects before the law, each class being alike, and one not more than the other amenable to all general laws applicable in like cases; that as Russian subjects, being Jews, incurred certain disabilities, the equality intended and provided for by the Treaty was not infringed by British subjects who were Jews and resident in Russia sharing the same disabilities. The despatch went on to say that it would seem to be beyond the scope and general intent of a Treaty of Commerce and Navigation if it were to be held to repeal in the persons of foreigners the legal disabilities to which, for reasons of general State policy, particular classes of individual natives of the country had been subjected, and it was hardly to be supposed that such an interpretation would be accepted or adopted by an independent Government as against itself. Her Majesty's Government feel that they cannot now insist upon a construction of the Treaty at variance with that which was placed upon it in 1862. I am, &c., GRANVILLE. ("Parl. Paper, Russia," No. 4 (1881), p. 21.) * * * * * _Interpretation by Great Britain, 1891. Letter from the Marquis of Salisbury to Sir Julian Goldsmid._ FOREIGN OFFICE, _January 29th, 1891_. SIR,--With reference to the letter from this office of the 16th ultimo and to previous correspondence respecting the position of British Jews in Russia, I am directed by the Marquis of Salisbury to inform you that the question has been fully considered in communication with the Law Officers of the Crown. Her Majesty's Government are advised that, so long as the disabilities to which British and Russian Jews are subjected are substantially the same, it is not open to Her Majesty's Government to depart from the interpretation of Treaties laid down in Lord Granville's despatch of December 28, 1881. You will find a copy of this despatch on page 21 of the Parliamentary Paper "Russia No. 4, 1881." I am, Sir, Your most obedient, humble Servant, T. H. SANDERSON. * * * * * SIR J. GOLDSMID, BART., M.P. _Interpretation by Great Britain, 1912. Letter from Sir Edward Grey to the Conjoint Committee._ FOREIGN OFFICE, _October 1st, 1912_. GENTLEMEN,--Secretary Sir E. Grey has had under his careful consideration your Memorial of August 2nd last on the subject of the grievances caused by the restrictions imposed in Russia on British subjects of the Jewish faith in regard to the interpretation of Articles I and XI of the Treaty of Commerce between this country and Russia of January 12th, 1859.