Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciencesWhewell, William
Philosophy
Novum organon renovatum: Being the second part of the philosophy of the inductive sciences
Whewell, William
Science -- Philosophy
It has already been remarked that the confusion and complexity which
prevail in this subject render a reform very desirable. But it will
be seen, from the reasons assigned under the Ninth Aphorism, that no
permanent system of names can be looked for, till a {343} sound
system of classification be established. The best mineralogical
systems recently published, however, appear to converge to a common
point; and certain classes have been formed which have both a
natural-historical and a chemical significance. These Classes,
according to Naumann, whose arrangement appears the best, are
Hydrolytes, Haloids, Silicides, Oxides of Metals, Metals,
Sulphurides (Pyrites, Glances, and Blendes), and Anthracides. Now we
find;--that the Hydrolytes are all compounds, such as are commonly
termed _Salts_;--that the Haloids are, many of them, already called
_Spars_, as _Calc Spar_, _Heavy Spar_, _Iron Spar_, _Zinc
Spar_;--that the _Silicides_, the most numerous and difficult class,
are denoted for the most part, by single words, many of which end in
_ite_;--that the other classes, or subclasses, _Oxides_, _Pyrites_,
_Glances_, and _Blendes_, have commonly been so termed; as _Red Iron
Oxide_, _Iron Pyrites_, _Zinc Blende_;--while pure metals have
usually had the adjective _native_ prefixed, as _Native Gold_,
_Native Copper_. These obvious features of the current names appear
to afford us a basis for a systematic nomenclature. The Salts and
Spars might all have the word _salt_ or _spar_ included in their
name, as _Natron Salt_, _Glauber Salt_, _Mock Salt_; _Calc Spar_,
_Bitter Spar_, (Carbonate of Lime and Magnesia), _Fluor Spar_,
_Phosphor Spar_ (Phosphate of Lime), _Heavy Spar_, _Celestine Spar_
(Sulphate of Strontian), _Chromic Lead Spar_ (Chromate of Lead); the
_Silicides_ might all have the name constructed so as to be a single
word ending in _ite_, as _Chabasite_ (Chabasie), _Natrolite_
(Mesotype), _Sommite_ (Nepheline), _Pistacite_ (Epidote); from this
rule might be excepted the _Gems_, as _Topaz_, _Emerald_,
_Corundum_, which might retain their old names. The Oxides, Pyrites,
Glances, and Blendes, might be so termed; thus we should have
_Tungstic Iron Oxide_ (usually called Tungstate of Iron), _Arsenical
Iron Pyrites_ (Mispickel), _Tetrahedral Copper Glance_ (Fahlerz),
_Quicksilver Blende_ (Cinnabar), and the metals might be termed
_native_, as _Native Copper_, _Native Silver_.
Such a nomenclature would take in a very large {344} proportion of
commonly received appellations, especially if we were to select
among the synonyms, as is proposed above in the case of _Glauber
Salt_, _Bitter Spar_, _Sommite_, _Pistacite_, _Natrolite_. Hence it
might be adopted without serious inconvenience. It would make the
name convey information respecting the place of the mineral in the
system; and by imposing this condition, would limit the extreme
caprice, both as to origin and form, which has hitherto been
indulged in imposing mineralogical names.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account