Pennsylvania, resistance to excise law, 84, 85; resistance to United States in Gideon Olmstead case, 118-122; proposition to Virginia for amendment of Constitution as to questions between States and United States, 122, 123 Pinckney, Charles C., declaration in convention of South Carolina that the States never had sovereignty, 74; satisfaction with Constitution, 67 Pinckney, Charles, declaration as to nationality of the Constitution, 74 Q Quincy, Josiah, his declaration a threat of rebellion, not a claim of right of secession, 124, 125; non-concurrence of Massachusetts, 124, 130, 131; not made delegate to Hartford convention, 132 R Randolph, Edmund, introduced national resolutions in convention, 51; did not sign Constitution, 69; supported it in Virginia convention, 71 Resolutions of State legislatures are mere opinions, 89; even when declaring laws of United States null and void, 148 S Secession, general belief in right of, by Southern and English writers, 1-4; belief of some Northern writers, 5, 6; impracticability of claim, 25; declaration of perpetuity in preamble of Constitution, 33, 34; historically no claim of such right until 1830, 142 Senate, equality of States in, merely a compromise of representation, 60, 61 Slavery abolished by power given in Constitution, 46, 158 South Carolina, declaration concerning tariff, warlike preparations, 138; original adoption of the Constitution, 73, 74; nationality asserted in convention, 74; only State asserting right of nullification in 1833, 146; resolutions of other Southern States opposing her opinions, 146-148; collection of duties after State ordinance, 145, 146, and _note_; submission to judgment overruling taxation of United States Bank, 150; first State to secede, 155; statue of Calhoun and monument at Spartanburg, 161, 162 Southern States, satisfaction with Constitution at first, 67; opposition to secession in 1833, 146; resolves of legislatures, 146-148; change of views, 154; control of the government before the Civil War, 153; laws of United States and decision of Supreme Court establishing right to introduce slaves into territories, 154; preparations for secession, 155; confidence of success, 157 State governments, powers derived from Constitutions, 27; subordinate and local, 39, 40; limited under the Constitution of United States, 46; original sovereignty questioned, 79-81; admitted by Webster, 80; denied in convention of South Carolina, 74; resolutions of legislatures mere opinions, 148 Stephens, Alexander H., on secession, 1, 2 Story, Joseph, Judge of Supreme Court, doctrine of supremacy of United States, tenacity in his belief, 152, 153