Observations on the Diseases of SeamenBlane, Gilbert, Sir
History
Observations on the Diseases of Seamen
Blane, Gilbert, Sir
Medicine, Naval -- Early Works To 1800; Sailors -- Diseases
A proper regulation of diet, as well as medicine, is of the utmost
consequence in this disease. A free indulgence of animal food is
pernicious, particularly in the first stage of it. In the chronic
state, a moderate use of it is allowable, and in the lienteric state
it answers better in a solid form than that of broth, which is apt to
gripe and to run quickly through the bowels. The best general articles
of diet are farinaceous bodies; and these are greatly improved by
being toasted brown before they are used. It was observed, in a former
part of this work, that the flux was supposed to have been prevented,
in the fleet commanded by Sir Charles Saunders, by throwing burnt
biscuit into the water used by the crews of the ships. It is a good
practice to put a well-burnt toast into all that the patient drinks,
and toasted bread, or panada made of toasted bread or biscuit, is one
of the best articles of diet. Brackish water ought to be avoided, as it
ruffles the bowels when in so delicate a state. Fermented liquors are
improper, except when the disease is advanced, and where weakness and
relaxation are the prevailing symptoms. Malt liquor will hardly ever
agree, on account of its acidity and flatulence. Of wines, Port is to
be preferred as the most strengthening; Madeira as the least subject
to acidity; and, for the common men, no drink of the fermented kind is
safer than a moderate quantity of spirits diluted with water.
Warm clothing is of the utmost consequence in this disease, and
external warmth of the abdomen tends greatly to sooth the bowels. I
have seen good effects from a warm gum plaster constantly worn on that
part. Though cold is in general hurtful and unsafe, I have nevertheless
known the sailors, who, by their habits of life, are commonly heedless,
bathe in the sea when labouring under what they call the white flux,
without any bad effects.
It sometimes happens that this disease baffles every effort both
of medicine and diet, so that a change of climate becomes the only
resource.
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