[4] Special readers (_muqri_) of the _Koran_ are needed, owing to the want of vowels in the Arabic character (Sale, _Preliminary Discourse_, 47). Readers are often employed to recite the _Koran_ over a corpse on the way to Karbala. [5] Known as Khadim. [6] _Allahu akbar ... Muhammadan rasulu'llah._ In English the entire call runs: 'Allah is most great (four times), I testify that there is no God but Allah (twice), I testify that Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah (twice), Come to prayer (twice), Come to salvation (twice), Allah is most great (twice), There is no God but Allah!' [7] Known as _Ja'e-namaz,_ 'place of prayer'. [8] See p. 27. [9] The _Salatu'l-Juma'_, the Friday prayer, is obligatory. Friday was appointed a Sabbath to distinguish Musalmans from Jews and Christians. [10] _Darzi_. [11] _Dhobi_. [12] See p. 74. [13] The correct titles are as follows: Adam, _Safiyu'llah,_ 'The Chosen One of God'; Noah, _Nabiyu'llah_, 'The Prophet of God'; Abraham, _Khalilu'llah_, 'The Friend of God'; Moses, _Kalimu'llah_, 'He that spoke with God'; Jesus, _Ruhu'llah_, 'A Spirit from God'; Muhammad, _Rasulu 'Illah,_ 'The Prophet of God'. [14] _Salam-'alai-kum._ [15] _Injil, [Greek: e'uaggélion]_, the Gospel, as opposed to _taurat_, the Pentateuch. [16] Daud. [17] The Fatiha, or opening chapter of the _Koran_, used like the Pator-noster. [18] Ja'afar as-Sadiq. [19] _Hazrat_, 'Reverend', or 'Superior'. [20] _Ja'e-namaz_, known also as _sajjadah_, or _musalla_. [21] The assertion that the Koran teaches that women have no souls is incorrect. See the texts collected by Hughes, _Dictionary of Islam_, pp. 677 ff. LETTER VIII The Fast of Rumzaun.--Motives for its strict observance.--Its commencement and duration.--Sentiments of Meer Hadjee Shaah on the duty of fasting.--Adherence of the females to the observing this fast.--How first broken.--Devout persons extend the term to forty days.--Children permitted to try their zeal.--Calamitous effects of the experiment.--Exemptions from this duty.--Joyful termination of the fast.--Celebration of Eade on the last day.--The Nuzza.--Nautchwomen and Domenie.--Surprise of the Natives at European dancing.--Remarks on their Music.--Anecdotes of Fatima.--The Chuckee. 'The poor man fasts, because he wanteth meat; The sick man fasts, because he cannot eat. The miser fasts, with greedy mind, to spare; The glutton fasts, to eat a greater share. The hypocrite, he fasts to seem more holy; The righteous man, to punish sinful folly.'