Obstetrical Nursing: A Text-Book on the Nursing Care of the Expectant Mother, the Woman in Labor, the Young Mother and Her BabyVan Blarcom, Carolyn Conant
Science
Obstetrical Nursing: A Text-Book on the Nursing Care of the Expectant Mother, the Woman in Labor, the Young Mother and Her Baby
Van Blarcom, Carolyn Conant
Infants -- Care; Maternity nursing; Pregnancy
The method employed at the Toronto General Hospital in treating patients
suffering from toxemic vomiting is outlined as follows by Dr. J. G.
Gallie: “The patient is given as much as she is able to drink. A
nutrient enema is given three or four times daily, consisting of six
ounces of a 10 per cent. solution of glucose in saline. Bromide and
chloral may have to be added to the last nutrient in the evening. A
simple enema is given each morning. Nutrients are discontinued when the
urine becomes free of acetone bodies. In more severe cases, where fluid
cannot be taken by mouth, it may be supplied interstitially or
intravenously, a 5 per cent. solution of glucose being used. When
vomiting ceases, and solid food can be taken, the feeding is begun very
carefully with small quantities of carbohydrates. Lactose is added where
possible to any fluid taken. Frequent small meals are then
instituted—six between 7 a.m. and 10.30 p.m., thus reducing to the
smallest space of time the period of starvation during the twenty-four
hours. Protein may be added to the diet when nausea is under control,
but fat should be left out for some time.”
Such a course of treatment, quite evidently, is designed to relieve a
toxic condition, in which increased elimination is important, and to
quiet an irritable nervous system.
As the patient with toxemic vomiting is often very uncomfortable because
of a bad taste and dryness of her mouth, some kind of a mouth wash which
she finds refreshing should be used frequently. And since a degree of
toxicity which is capable of producing such a condition as is described
above will almost inevitably produce nervous symptoms, as well, the
nurse’s attitude toward her patient must always be one of sympathy,
encouragement and optimism.
When the patient’s condition is so desperate that pregnancy is
terminated, with the hope of saving her life, ether or nitrous oxide
gas, or both, is used as an anesthetic rather than chloroform, which of
itself tends to produce a liver necrosis.
PRE-ECLAMPTIC TOXEMIA is the most common of all the toxemias of
pregnancy, occurring several times in every hundred pregnancies. It
develops more frequently among women who are pregnant for the first time
than among those who have borne children, and one attack usually confers
an immunity against a recurrence.
As pre-eclamptic toxemia usually responds to treatment, but if
neglected, frequently ends in the much more serious disease of
eclampsia, the imperative need of supervision and care during pregnancy
are once more borne in upon us.
=Symptoms.= Pre-eclamptic toxemia seldom appears before the second half
of pregnancy, usually not until after the sixth or seventh month, and
the symptoms vary widely in severity. They may range from headache and
nausea, so slight as to cause the patient little or no inconvenience, to
coma and death.
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