The danger of infecting the bladder, by carrying lochia into it upon the catheter, is so great that some doctors choose what they regard as the lesser of two evils, and allow the patient to be assisted to the sitting position, if she has not a serious tear. Not infrequently the patient’s inability to void is due to the fact that she is unaccustomed to using a bedpan, and would have difficulty in using one under any conditions, but is able to void while sitting up. As the danger of infection is greater two or three days after delivery than at first, because of the beginning decomposition of the lochia, it is very evidently important to help the patient to establish the habit of voiding from the beginning, for if she is catheterized once there is great likelihood that she will need to have it continued for some days. If the first attempts are unsuccessful, therefore, but the patient thinks that she may be able to void later, if the efforts are repeated, catheterization is sometimes delayed for as long as sixteen to eighteen hours after delivery in the hope that it may be avoided altogether. When the most persistent and painstaking efforts fail, and catheterization is necessary, the nurse must remember the extreme gravity of her responsibility and preserve asepsis throughout the procedure. Although there is extreme danger of infection, it can be prevented as a rule, and its occurrence is therefore regarded as almost inexcusable. In preparing for catheterization, the nurse should drape the patient as for a vaginal examination, making sure that she is warmly covered, and place her on a sterile douche- or bedpan. If it is done at night she should place the light in a position at once safe and advantageous. She should have at hand on a tray: sterile forceps; cotton pledgets; two glass catheters (in case one should be broken or become contaminated); a disinfecting solution such as bichlorid, 1–4,000 or lysol 1 per cent.; a sterile receptacle in which to receive the urine; sterile towels and a dressing basin or paper bag for the used pledgets. The preparation of the nurse’s hands, at this point, varies in different hospitals, but always the greatest care is taken to bring nothing unsterile in contact with the vulva and meatus.