In caring for the perineum, the nurse must remember also the real danger of the patient infecting herself with her own fingers and should caution her against taking this risk. The patient should be told that if she feels uncomfortable, or thinks she is bleeding, she must lie quietly and summon a nurse, but on no account to try to find out for herself what is wrong. There is little doubt that cases of severe infection have been caused by the introduction of organisms into the vagina by means of the patient’s own fingers, after the most scrupulous precautions had been taken by doctors and nurses to avoid that very disaster. In most instances the care of the perineum is the same whether or not there are stitches, and in any case the method employed will be specified by the doctor. The nurse’s responsibility is to appreciate the object of the care, whatever form it may take, and bring intelligence to bear in giving it. When there are perineal stitches, it is a wise and harmless precaution to fasten a towel or bandage about the patient’s knees for a few days, to prevent her pulling apart the uniting edges of the tear as she moves about in bed. =Douches.= In connection with perineal dressings, it may be well to caution the nurse against giving douches without explicit orders. Douches are seldom given early in the puerperium, for fear of carrying infective material up into the uterus, except occasionally in cases of hemorrhage, in which case they are given by the doctor. Sometimes, however, a low vaginal douche is given daily for some time after the patient gets up, with the idea of increasing her comfort and promoting involution. About two quarts of some weak antiseptic solution at 110° F. is given with the nozzle introduced just within the vaginal outlet, and the container of the solution placed only slightly above the level of the patient’s hips, in order that the stream may be very gentle. [Illustration: FIG. 119.—Sterile gauze held in place over nipples by means of adhesive strips and tapes. (From photograph taken at Bellevue Hospital.) ] =The Care of the Breasts.= There is a wide difference of opinion about the proper care of the breasts, also, but here again, although the details vary, the ultimate objects of the care are always the same, namely: to facilitate the baby’s nursing, promote the mother’s comfort and prevent breast abscesses. These ends are usually accomplished by keeping the nipples clean and intact and by giving support and rest to heavy, painful breasts. The patient who has cared for her nipples during the latter part of pregnancy will usually have little or no trouble with them during the period of lactation, if the care is continued. But this attention is imperative.