_Dose._—Ten drops of the tincture in water before meals. =Opium.= The concrete juice of the poppy. Relieves pain. Constipates. _Uses._—Hæmorrhoids in adults, colic and diarrhœa in infants. _Dose._—One grain in suppository night and morning for adult. For infant, as paragoric only. Two to five drops only, not repeated. _Children bear opium badly._ =Pepsin.= A ferment in the gastric juice that digests proteins. In commerce it is obtained from the pig. _Uses._—Imperfect digestion. _Dose._—For adult, 10–15 grs. For infant, 2 gr. =Phenolphthalein.= A nonofficial coal tar derivative. Mild laxative. _Dose._—2–3 gr. Phenolax and chocolax are preparations of the drug. =Pituitary Extract= (_Pituitrin_). A substance derived from the infundibular portion or the posterior lobe of the hypophysis cerebri. Nontoxic, stimulant to unstriped muscle. _Uses._—Uterine inertia, post partum hæmorrhage, Cæsarean section and tympany. Will not produce abortion nor premature labor. May be tried in acute anæmia to raise the blood pressure. _Dose._—5–15 ♏︎. Repeated if necessary. =Potassium (or Sodium) Bromide.= White granular powder. Soluble, 1 to 5 in water. Sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic. _Uses._—Neurasthenia, convulsions, nymphomania, vomiting of pregnancy. _Dose._—20–60 gr. In enema with chloral. Pot. bromide 40 gr. and chloral 20 gr. in several ounces of water or milk. =Potassium Iodide.= Alterative emmenagogue. Uric acid solvent. _Uses._—Syphilis rheumatism, swellings, slow inflammations, excessive secretion of milk. _Dose._—2–10 gr. increased as required. =Potassium Permanganate.= Dark purple opaque prisms. Soluble in water 1 to 16. Disinfectant, deodorant, antiseptic, astringent. _Uses._—As an injection in leucorrhœa and gonorrhœa, 1:5000 solution. =Purgatives.= Simple purgatives produce free discharges from the bowels with some griping. Senna, aloes, rheubarb, castor oil, and calomel are examples. Saline purgatives are followed by profuse watery evacuations. Magnesia sulphate, and citrate, potassium and sodium tartrate, and sodium phosphate belong to this class. Drastic purgatives bring about a violent action of the bowels with much griping and tenesmus. Such are jalap, colocynth, elaterium, and croton oil. Hydrogogue purgatives combine the results of the salines and drastics. They have much griping with profuse watery stools. The hydrogogues are elaterium, gamboge, croton oil, and potassium bitartrate. =Quinine Sulphate.= (Derived from Cinchona bark.) Antipyretic, tonic, antiperiodic, antiseptic, emmenagogue and ecbolic.