New Zealand Shipping Company, 292. Nomadic, the, carried the largest amount of freight, 233. Noon position of the ship, finding the, 179. North German Lloyd, establishment of, 25. ships of, 43. freight capacity of the express steamships of, 218. rapid handlers of freight, 247, 264. Observations for latitude at sea, 176. Ocean Steam Navigation Co., the, 120. Oceanic Company. See _White Star line_. Officers of a steamship, 152, _et seq._ Oil for calming troubled waters, use of, 213. Oregon, the, sinking of, 51, 198. Orient Steam Navigation Company, 266. Ormuz, 272. Pacific Mail Steamship Company, the, ships of, 29, 243, 280. Pacific Steam Navigation Company of England, 23, 283. Packet lines, the Liverpool, 255. to Australia, 254. Paddle-steamer, high-water mark of, 31. Paddle-wheel compared with screw, 79. when necessary, 80. Panama, 283. Parker, Mr., his comparison of triple expansion engines with ordinary ones, 39. Passenger capacity of the early steamships, 114. accommodations then, 119. and now, 127. Passenger lists, 131. Passengers, cabin, statistics of, 133. Pearce, Sir William, of the Fairfield ship-yard, 110. Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company, the, 23, 260. an imaginary trip by, 260. Persia, the, description of, 31. Plimsoll, Samuel, 251. Polyphemus, H.B.M.S., 59. Princeton, the, description of, 23. Propellers, failure of, internal, 83. material of, 214. Puritan, the, 71. Quarantine regulations, 142. Quartermasters, duties of, 164. Randolph Elder & Co. See _Elder, John, & Co._ Red Sea, the passage through, 269. Refrigerators on steamships, 232. Rio Janeiro, 288. Ruthven’s hydraulic propeller, 83. Saale, the, 40. Said, Port, harbor of, 263, 266. traffic of, 269. Sailors, on a steamship, 165, _et seq._ messes of, 174. Savannah, the first steamship to cross the ocean, 8. Scotia, the, 31, 32, 73. Screw propeller, used by Ericsson, 16. invented or proposed by others, 17, _et seq._ early prejudice against, 79. compared with paddle-wheel, 79. twin screws, 43, 80, 209, 212. triple screws, 80. form and nature of, 84. instances of change of form, 85. Scythia, the, 35. Servia, the, largest mail brought by her, 231. Shaft, breaking of a steamer’s, 210. Shanghai, 280. Shaw, Savill & Albion Company, the, 292. Ship, investigations into the resistance of a, in motion, 46, 63. Ships, forms of, how judged of, 62. life of, 55. speed of, visionary schemes to increase, 58. the speed of, primary conditions for, 61. Singapore, 276. Sirius, the, first steamer to cross from Europe to New York, 11, 112. Skin of ship, frictional resistance of, 46, 86. Smith, Thomas Pettit, invents a screw propeller, 17, 18. Sorting mails on shipboard, 231. South Stack lighthouse, 194.