Architecture, Byzantine; Byzantine Empire; Istanbul (Turkey) -- Description and travel; Justinian I, Emperor of the East, 483?-565
First of all, he gave his attention to Carthage,[125] which now, as is
right, is named Justiniana. He rebuilt the whole of its ruined walls,
and dug a trench encircling it, which did not previously exist; he also
built churches, one dedicated to the Virgin, which is in the palace,
and one outside the palace dedicated to St. Prima, one of the local
saints. He built porticos on both sides of what is called the Maritime
market-place, and a noble public bath, which he named the Baths of
Theodora, after the name of the Empress. He also built a monastery on
the sea-shore within the walls, close to the harbour, named Mandracium,
which he enclosed with a strong wall and formed into an impregnable
fort.
These were the works of Justinian at New Carthage. In the country near
it, which is called the Proconsulate, there was an unwalled city named
Baga,[126] which was liable to be taken by barbarians, not only if they
marched especially to attack it, but even if they passed near it. This
place the Emperor Justinian enclosed with a strong wall, thus raising
it to the rank of a city, and one, too, which was capable of affording
security to its citizens, who, having met with such favour, named the
city Theodorias, in honour of the Empress. He also built a fort in this
country, named Tucca.
VI. In Byzacium is a city by the sea side, named Adrumetus,[127] which
in ancient times was great and populous, so that it had the name and
repute of being the chief city in this country, because it was the
first in size and in prosperity. The Vandals demolished the walls of
this city, that the Romans might not be able, to hold it against them,
so that it was exposed to the attacks of the Moors, who ravage that
country; however, the Libyan inhabitants provided for their own safety
as far as they were able, by piling up the ruins of their walls and
joining their houses to one another, by which means they were able
to offer a precarious resistance to their assailants. Their safety,
however, hung by a thread, and was very uncertain, as they were at
war with the Moors and neglected by the Vandals. When, however, the
Emperor Justinian, in the course of the war, became master of Libya, he
built a wall of considerable size round this city, established in it
a sufficient garrison of soldiers, and enabled the inhabitants to be
confident of safety and to disregard all their foes. For this reason
they call it Justiniana to the present day, thus repaying their debt
of gratitude to the Emperor, and showing their loyalty towards him by
the adoption of his name, for they had no other means of repaying the
kindness of the Emperor, as he wished for no other return than this.
On the shore of Byzacium there is another place named Caputvada[128]
by its inhabitants. It was at this place that the Emperor’s army
first landed when it proceeded against Gelimer and the Vandals. Here,
also, that marvellous and ineffable gift was bestowed by God upon
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