[79] ‘The “long wall,” as it was emphatically styled, was a work as disgraceful in the object, as it was respectable in the execution.... At the distance of only forty miles from the capital, Anastasius was constrained to establish a last frontier; his long wall of sixty miles, from the Propontis to the Euxine, proclaimed the impotence of his arms; and as the danger became more imminent, new fortifications were added by the indefatigable prudence of Justinian.’—Gibbon, ch. xl. (S.) [80] Selybria, now Silibri, on Sea of Marmora. (W.) [81] Heraclea, now Eregli, on Sea of Marmora. (W.) [82] Rhædestus, now Rodosto, on Sea of Marmora. (W.) [83] Elæus, near the south-east extremity of the Gallipoli promontory, opposite the plain of Troy. (W.) [84] Callipolis, now Gallipoli. The wall was about on the line of the Gallipoli lines so well known during the Crimean War. (W.) [85] ‘In an age of freedom and valour, the slightest rampart may prevent a surprise; and Procopius appears insensible of the superiority of ancient times, while he praises the solid construction and double parapet of a wall, whose long arms stretched on either side into the sea; but whose strength was deemed insufficient to guard the Chersonesus, if each city, and particularly Gallipoli and Sestus, had not been secured by their peculiar fortifications.’—Gibbon, ch. xl. (S.) [86] Ænus, now Enos, at the mouth of the Maritza. (W.) [87] ‘Considerable remains of a church were found on the hill at Ayasalouk. This was perhaps St. John’s Church, and was in existence when the Council was held in 431. The Greeks have built for themselves a small church over the site of an ancient Greek church, which was possibly the Church of St. John, as that was known to have been built on a hill.’—‘Ephesus,’ by J. T. Wood, and Society of Biblical Archæology (London, 1878), p. 332 and ‘Discoveries,’ p. 164. ‘St. John’s, at Ephesus, has been destroyed to its foundation. It was in the form of a cross, with a dome at the intersection.’—Texier and Pullan, p. 22. (L.) [88] Leake, ‘Tour in Asia Minor,’ p. 10. [89] See Leake’s ‘Tour in Asia Minor,’ p. 10. [90] See Leake’s ‘Tour in Asia Minor,’ pp. 8, 10. (S.) At the south end of the lake (Arcania), beautifully situated, stood the ruined towers of the famous Nicæa. Seldom have I had a harder day’s work than in attempting to see and comprehend this ruin of ruins. ‘The grandeur and peculiar beauty of the arts amongst the earlier Greeks cannot be concealed even in the broken materials. ‘Some parts of the walls are entirely Roman; in others the Cross, etc., give the date of the earlier Christians. On three of the towers in the walls of the city are three similar inscriptions. The sign of the Cross is prefixed to all three: “The Tower of Michael, the Great King, Emperor in CHRIST.”’—‘Travels in Asia Minor,’ by Sir C. Fellows (London, 1852), pp. 83, 85.