Christian antiquities -- Great Britain; Folklore -- Great Britain; Great Britain -- Social life and customs; Manners and customs
In a "Table of Dutyes" of Shoreditch Church, 1664, are references to the
amounts to be paid if coffins are not used at funerals. It is stated, "for
a burial in ye new churchyard, without a coffin, eight pence; for a burial
in ye olde churchyard, without a coffin, seaven pence; and for the
grave-making and attendance of ye Vicar and Clarke on ye enterment of a
corps uncoffined, the churchwardens to pay the ordinary duteys, and no
more, of this table."
[Illustration: PARISH COFFIN, EASINGWOLD CHURCH.]
The poor were usually buried in parish coffins, or rather taken from their
humble homes to the grave in a coffin, and at the grave removed from it
and merely interred in their shrouds. At Easingwold Church, in East
Yorkshire, an interesting example of the parish coffin is still preserved.
It is strongly and roughly made of oak. We give an illustration of this
old-time relic from a carefully-made drawing by Mr. J. H. Doe. In Smith's
"Old Yorkshire," vol. v., pp. 106-110, will be found an informing article
on the Easingwold and other parish coffins, by the late Llewellynn Jewitt,
F.S.A., who collected much out-of-the-way information on this subject.
From the Rev. Canon Hayman, he received the following important
communication: "The old historical town of Youghal, in the county of
Cork," wrote Canon Hayman, "has many features of interest for the
antiquary, chiefest among which is the venerable Collegiate Church of St.
Mary. The cemetery attached to this noble edifice is the _Pere la Chase_
of Ireland. The ground naturally forms a succession of terraces, here
swelling into little knolls, there sinking into gentle declivities. A poet
said of the Protestant burial ground of Rome: 'It might make one in love
with death to think that one should be buried in so sweet a place,' and
the saying may be repeated of the Youghal churchyard. Death is here
divested of its horror, and wears the softened aspect of stillness and
unbroken repose. On its northern and western sides, the cemetery is
overhung by the old walls of the town, which are yet in good preservation.
In a portion of those defences, nearly opposite to the western gable of
the church, is a recessed [coffin-shaped] aperture, of which the
accompanying is an engraving. Here, as the old folk tell us, was kept the
public coffin for the poor of Youghal. Whenever needed, it was sent to the
house of the dead; and, so soon as it had discharged its office, it was
replaced here. The walls, as may be perceived, are of three thicknesses.
The newest piece, in front, is of hammered, well-squared masonry. More
ancient is the furthest drawn, where the materials are less in size, and
are less carefully finished; but, lying between these twain, is a fragment
of a very old wall, built of exceeding small stones, and evidently
preserved from demolition because of its characteristic feature--the
Parish Coffin Recess." It will be observed, from the illustration we give,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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