Believing that this most prosperous of the Atlantic cities will be eclipsed in its greatness and glory by one or more of the interior cities of the great plain, we have selected it as the champion of the Atlantic border, to hold up its progress during the thirty years from 1830 to 1860, the most prosperous years of its existence, in comparison with the progress, during the same period, of the aggregate cities and towns of the plain. The result of our investigation, the summing up, will be found in the following table. It will be seen that many of the items are put down in round numbers--no document being accessible or in existence to furnish the exact number of many of the new towns, in 1830. The estimate for 1860 may, in some instances, be above the figures which the census will furnish, but the over-estimate for 1830 is believed to be in a larger proportion to actual numbers at that time. Making a liberal allowance for errors, the result of the aggregate cannot be materially varied from that at which our figures bring us: 1830. 1860 Est. Increase. New York, including Brooklyn and other suburbs 234,438 1,170,000 5 times. Cities and chief towns of the great plain 270,094 2,706,300 10 " nearly Leaving out the exterior cities of the plain, to wit, New Orleans, Mobile, Galveston, Quebec and Montreal, the comparison between New York and suburbs, and the interior cities of the plain will be shown by the following figures: 1830. 1860 Est. Increase. New York and accessories 234,448 1,170,000 5 fold Interior cities and town of the plain 172,000 2,346,000 13 " The five largest cities of the Atlantic border exhibit a growth, as compared with the five largest cities of the plain, as follows: 1830. 1860 Est. New York and dependencies 235,000 1,170,000 Philadelphia " 170,000 700,000 Baltimore " 83,000 250,000 Boston " 80,000 200,000 Charleston " 31,000 60,000 599,000 2,380,000 Cincinnati and suburbs 28,000 250,000 New Orleans " 47,000 170,000 St. Louis " 6,000 170,000 Chicago " 100 150,000 Pittsburg " 17,000 145,000 98,000 885,000