Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the CampagnaBurn, Robert
History
Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the Campagna
Burn, Robert
Rome (Italy) -- Antiquities; Rome (Italy) -- Description and travel
The catacomb of the Scipios differs from most of the other burial places
which surround it, on account of the retention by the gens Cornelia of the
old Latin custom of burying in coffins, instead of burning the corpse of
the deceased. Most of the burying places on the Monte d’Oro are arranged
in the manner called a columbarium by the Romans, from the resemblance of
the niches in it to the holes in a pigeon-house.[119] Four of these
columbaria have been excavated in the Vigna Codini, near the Porta S.
Sebastiano, and are now to be seen in almost perfect preservation. They
consist of a square pit roofed over, and entered by a staircase. The roof
is supported by a massive square central column, and the whole of the
sides of the pit and of the central column are pierced with semicircular
niches, containing earthenware jars filled with ashes. In one of the
columbaria in the Vigna Codini there is room for 900 jars. Most of the
names which are inscribed above each niche upon a marble tablet are those
of imperial freedmen, or servants of great families or public officers,
and other persons of the middle class of life, and are therefore of
little historical interest. The ashes of some few of a somewhat higher
grade, are placed in small marble sarcophagi or urns, but no persons of
distinguished rank appear to have been buried in this way. There are,
however, few places in Rome where the ordinary manners and customs of the
ancient Romans are more vividly placed before the eye than here, and the
very insignificance of some of the details exhibited is somewhat striking.
In one corner we find the ashes of a lady’s maid attached to one of the
imperial princesses; in another, those of the royal barber; and in
another, a favourite lapdog has been admitted to take his place among his
mistress’s other faithful servants.
[Sidenote: Arch of Drusus.]
Not far from these columbaria, and close to the Porta S. Sebastiano, the
Via Appia is spanned by a half ruinous archway, of which little but the
core remains, the marble casing having long been torn off. It was probably
originally ornamented with eight columns, two only of which now remain
standing on the side next the modern gateway. These have shafts of
Numidian marble (giallo antico), and composite capitals with Corinthian
bases.
Upon the top of this arch is a brick ruin apparently belonging to the
Middle Ages, as the style of building is similar to that called opera
saracenica by the Italians. It was probably a part of a fortified tower,
placed upon the arch, resembling that which formerly surmounted the Arch
of Titus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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