Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the CampagnaBurn, Robert
History
Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the Campagna
Burn, Robert
Rome (Italy) -- Antiquities; Rome (Italy) -- Description and travel
But few traces of the ancient walls of the city are left. Nibby is however
doubtless right in saying that there can be no question about their course
along the northern and eastern sides of the city, where the brow of the
hill is steep and perfectly adapted for defence by a wall placed on the
edge of the rocky valley of the Anio. The citadel was probably situated in
the quarter called Castro Vetere--where the two temples commonly called
the temples of the Sibyl and of Drusilla stand, for it is plain that some
pains have been taken to isolate this from the remainder of the site. On
the western side the limit of the ancient walls is marked by the old
gate, and by the fragments of walls which still exist at the point where
the direct road from Rome enters the city by the modern Porta del Colle.
The course of the walls then excludes the Villa d’Este, and runs across
the hill to the Church of the Annunziata and the Porta Santa Croce and the
citadel built by Pius II. on the site of the ancient amphitheatre. From
thence the walls passed in a straight line down to the river near the
Church of S. Bartolommeo. The ancient town did not extend to the right
bank of the Anio.
[Illustration: Temple of Vesta at Tibur.]
[Sidenote: Temple of Vesta.]
Two ancient temples are still standing in tolerable preservation at Tibur.
The first of these is a small round temple perched on the very edge of the
precipitous ravine through which the Anio dashes. It has been protected
against the violence of the furious torrent by massive substructions,
which apparently existed in ancient times and have often been renewed. Ten
of the eighteen columns which formerly surrounded the inner chamber still
remain.
The details of this temple are rather peculiar in style, and show an
originality of invention very rare in Roman architecture. The columns have
Attic bases, but the grooves of the fluting are cut in a style which is
neither Doric nor Ionic. They terminate above in an abrupt horizontal
line, and reach at the foot of the column quite down to the base without
any intermediate cylinder. The capitals exhibit a fantastic variety of the
Corinthian order, having the second row of acanthus leaves nearly hidden
behind the first, and a lotus blossom as the decoration of the abacus. The
frieze is ornamented with the skulls of oxen and festoons, in the loops of
which are rosettes and pateræ placed alternately. The inner chamber, which
is built of opus incertum, is partly destroyed, but the lower half of the
door and a window still remain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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