Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the CampagnaBurn, Robert
History
Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the Campagna
Burn, Robert
Rome (Italy) -- Antiquities; Rome (Italy) -- Description and travel
Close to the Janus Quadrifrons stands a stone ornamental doorway now
partly built into the wall of the church of S. Giorgio in Velabro. It is
constructed of brickwork with marble facings, and consists of two square
piers decorated with pilasters of the Composite or Roman order at the
corners and surmounted by a horizontal entablature of rich carved work.
There is no trace of an attica above. The inscription, still well
preserved, shows that it was erected by the money-changers or bankers, and
other merchants of the Forum Boarium, in honour of Septimius Severus, his
wife Julia, and his son Antoninus (Caracalla). As in the case of the Arch
of Septimius in the Forum, so here the words III. PP. PROCOS. FORTISSIMO
FELICISSIMOQUE PRINCIPI and PARTHICI MAXIMI BRITANNICI MAXIMI were
inserted by Caracalla in place of the name and titles of his murdered
brother Geta.
Not only in the inscriptions of the time of Septimius Severus, but even in
the reliefs we everywhere find Geta’s figure erased.
On the shafts of the pilasters are representations of military ensigns,
which bear upon their circular tablets and above the eagles likenesses in
relief of two Cæsars, Severus and Caracalla. The third likeness, that of
Geta, has been erased in every instance. In each of the spaces between the
pilasters are four panels with sculptures in relief. The lowest of these
represents the merchants of the Forum Boarium bringing cattle as victims
to the altar. The compartment above these exhibits various instruments
used in sacrifice, similar to those found upon the Temple of Vespasian.
Upon the larger central panel are the figures of the imperial family
engaged in sacrificing, and it can easily be seen that from some of these
the figure of Geta has been carefully chiselled away.
In one of these large panels is the figure of a barbarian captive with the
Phrygian cap so common upon the sculptures of the triumphal arches. The
upper compartments contain festooned ornamental work and a few figures of
men. The front of the architrave and frieze is almost entirely occupied by
the inscriptions, and is not highly ornamented, but the cornice, which is
divided into seven ledges, is overladen with various decorative patterns
without purity of design or excellence of execution. The date of the
erection of this monument is stated in the inscription to be the twelfth
year of the tribunitia potestas of Severus and the seventh of Caracalla,
which corresponds to the year A.D. 204. Reber thinks it possible that the
merchants of the Forum Boarium intended it as a testimonial of gratitude
to Severus for having built the neighbouring Janus Quadrifrons to ornament
their quarter of the city.
[Sidenote: Cloaca Maxima.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account