Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the CampagnaBurn, Robert
History
Old Rome: A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the Campagna
Burn, Robert
Rome (Italy) -- Antiquities; Rome (Italy) -- Description and travel
The medieval names of this church, in Cosmedin, and in Schola Græca, seem
to point to the possession of the church by Greek monks after the division
of the empire, and the piazza in which it stands is called Bocca della
Verità from the strange figure of a head under the modern portico of the
church, in the mouth of which it is said that persons whose veracity lay
under suspicion, were required to place their hands while making oath, in
the belief that the mouth would close upon their hands if the oath taken
was a false one.
[Sidenote: Carceres of the Cirrus Maximus.]
Immediately behind the church are the arched buildings of travertine
blocks which have already been mentioned as belonging to the Carceres of
the Circus. The largest of these is now used as a store-room for articles
of church furniture, and stands on the right side of the tribune of the
church. They are perhaps situated too far towards the river to be portions
of the actual Carceres from which the chariots started, but they may have
formed one side of a courtyard behind the Carceres, in which the
harnessing and preparation for the races took place.
[Sidenote: Theatre of Marcellus.]
The ruins of the Theatre of Marcellus which are still standing in the
Piazza Montanara afford us a fixed point from which to begin our survey of
the region of the Circus Flaminius, which lies to the north-west of the
Velabrum. For it appears certain that the ancient half columns, arches,
and other ruins evidently belonging to a semicircular theatre, which are
now covered by the Palazzo Orsini Savelli, belonged to the theatre of
Marcellus. Suetonius distinctly places this theatre under the Tarpeian
hill, and of the other two stone theatres at Rome we know that the
Pompeian lay further to the north-west, and that the theatre of Balbus was
near the Ponte Sisto. The masonry and architectural details of this
building, though corresponding in many respects with the Coliseum are more
carefully worked, and show an earlier and better period of art.
[Illustration: Theatre of Marcellus.]
There had previously been a stone scena built near this spot by Æmilius
Lepidus, which was perhaps used by Julius Cæsar who first began to build
this theatre. It was not finished until the year B.C. 11 when Augustus
opened it, and named it after his nephew Marcellus, son of Octavia. In the
time of the Flavii the scena was restored, having perhaps suffered from
the fire which burnt the Porticus Octaviæ, and it seems to have again
required repairs in the time of Alexander Severus, who is said to have
wished to restore it.[83]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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