Charles I., his ignoble peace, 19; his private character, 25; helplessness of English arms under his rule, 26; his Third Parliament, 27; yields to Petition of Right, 28; his dissolution of his Third Parliament, 31; rejects Petition of Right, 32; embarks on Bishops’ Wars, 40; his attitude toward the Long Parliament, 51; betrays Strafford, 52; makes terms with the Scotch, 55; imprisons Puritan leaders, 57; his adherents in the Commons, 61; marches on London, 71; turn of tide in his favor, 79; makes overtures to the Irish, 84; defeats Waller at Copredy Bridge, 91; his army at Newbury, 92; at Naseby, 95–97; surrenders to Scotch army, 98; English servility toward him, 101; his treachery, 104; supported by Presbyterians, 109; “the man of blood,” 114; his non-acceptance of his defeat, 115; negotiates with the army and Parliament, 117 _et seq._; Cromwell attempts terms with him, 119; Yorkshire support for, 121; Scotch attitude toward him, 123; his tenacity, 132; negotiations with the army, 134; he rejects Fairfax’s proposals, 135; his trial for treason, 136; beheaded, 137; his character, 137–140; his policy in Ireland, 146; Catholic allegiance to him, 147; his imprisonment, 148; effect of his execution on Ireland, 150; his death due to Parliamentarians, 178; his execution, 217; anniversary of his death observed, 240 Charles II., the fleet loyal to him, 130; proclaimed King at Cork, 150; the Scotch declare for him, 162; lands in Scotland, 165 _et seq._; supported by Scotch Cavaliers, 172; crosses into England, 174; his escape from Worcester, 175; his exile, 178; influences for his restoration, 209; England in his time, 225; his re-establishment, 232; his mistresses, 240 Charles X., of Sweden, 226 Chester, seized by Royalists, 121; negotiations there, 148 Christianity, heterodoxy in Parliamentary, 108 Church and State, Puritan theories of, 114; reform in, 195 Churchmen, arbitrary power of, 161 Civil War. _See American Civil War_ Civil War, First English, the fiery ordeal of, 20; begun by Charles, 57; its chief leaders cavalrymen, 60; its blunders contrasted with American Civil War, 62; English soldiery in, 91; its slow progress, 94; type of its generals, 95; practically ends at Naseby, 97; its effects on Cromwell, 104; Irish share in, 122; exchange of prisoners, 128 Civil War, Second English, its beginning, 121; ended at Preston, 130; results, 131; Carlyle’s opinion of, 235 Clergy, 78, 92; threatened by Protectorate Assembly, 193 Clonmel, capture of, 162 Clubmen, peasant organization, 62 Cock-fighting, suppressed under Protectorate, 213 Colchester, seized by Royalists, 121; capitulation of, 130 Colonial policy, Spain’s, 224 Colonial possessions, Spanish, 227; Dutch, 17, 18, 182