Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic ArtHyde, Walter Woodburn
History
Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic Art
Hyde, Walter Woodburn
Olympics; Sculpture, Greek; Sports -- Greece
Glyptothek known as the _Oelgiesser_ (_Oil-pourer_), a Roman copy of an
Attic bronze of about the middle of the fifth century B. C. (Pl.
11).[1034] Though the right arm and left hand are lost, it is clear
that the athlete held in his raised right hand an oil flask, as in
the Petworth statue.[1035] Notwithstanding that the head resembles
the Praxitelian _Hermes_,[1036] this does not show that the statue
is of fourth-century origin, for its original is older; it merely
shows that the art of Praxiteles was deeply rooted in that of his
fifth-century predecessors. Because of its Attic affiliations, Klein
tried to identify it with the Ἐγκρινόμενος of Alkamenes mentioned by
Pliny,[1037] by amending that title to Ἐγχριόμενος, the “Anointer.”
Brunn, however, rightly saw the analogy of the body forms to Myron’s
_Marsyas_,[1038] and Furtwaengler and Bulle have ascribed it to Lykios,
the son and pupil of that master, who worked about 440 B. C., the
approximate date of the original of the statue. A fragmentary head in
the Boston Museum of Fine Arts (Fig. 23),[1039] formerly in private
possession in England, is a copy of the same original as the Munich
statue. Its special interest is that it is not an exact copy of the
original, as the Munich statue is, but a freer one, showing a fuller
mouth, fleshier cheeks, and deeper-set eyes. While the Munich statue
is the dry work of a Roman copyist of Augustus’ time, this head is by
a far abler Greek copyist of the second century B. C. A torso in the
Albertinum in Dresden, without a head,[1040] is similar to the
Munich statue, but hardly a replica. It probably goes back to an
original by an Attic master of the end of the fifth or beginning of
the fourth century B. C. Other under life-size statues related to this
torso show the same motive.[1041] A black-marble statue found at Porto
d’Anzio in 1758, and now in the Glyptothek,[1042] has the Polykleitan
standing motive. The left arm, which is stretched out, holds an oil
flask in the hand, while the right arm is lowered. The band, which
the position of the fingers shows that the right hand probably held,
indicates it is the statue of a victor. A bronze statuette from South
Italy, now in the British Museum,[1043] represents a nude youth holding
an alabastron in his right hand, while the left has the palm open to
receive the oil. The hair fashion (κρωβύλος) seems to point to an
Attic sculptor of about 470 B. C.[1044] The same motive is found on
terra-cotta statuettes from Myrina,[1045] on reliefs,[1046] and on
gems.[1047]
[Illustration: FIG. 23.—Head of so-called _Oil-pourer_. Museum of Fine
Arts, Boston.]
[Illustration: PLATE 11
Statue of the so-called _Oil-pourer_. Glyptothek, Munich.]
OIL-SCRAPING.
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