Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic ArtHyde, Walter Woodburn
History
Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic Art
Hyde, Walter Woodburn
Olympics; Sculpture, Greek; Sports -- Greece
The statue of a _Boy Crowning Himself_, which has survived in many
Roman copies and variant Greek originals, notably in the so-called
_Westmacott Athlete_ of the British Museum (Pl. 19),[1166] a
fragmentary statue of poorer workmanship in the Barracco collection
in Rome,[1167] and a Greek copy from Eleusis now in the National
Museum in Athens,[1168] and identified by many archæologists with the
statue of the boy boxer Kyniskos by Polykleitos at Olympia, should be
discussed here. While the _Westmacott Athlete_ appears to be a copy
from the original bronze, the Barracco statue, though showing the same
pose, is unlike it in the treatment of hair and muscles, and with its
Attic head, seems to be a carelessly executed variant, more or less
Myronian in style, of the Polykleitan original. While its original may
be assigned to the end of the fifth century B. C., the Eleusis variant,
with its head differently placed, is not a Roman copy, but a Greek
original statue showing the Polykleitan motive carried into the soft
Attic style of the fourth century B. C.[1169] A fine copy of the head
alone is in the possession of Sir Edgar Vincent, in his Constantinople
collection.[1170] This should be associated with another head
in Dresden, both being closely related to that of the _Westmacott
Athlete_.[1171] The best copy of the head is in the Hermitage, in which
the treatment of the hair approaches nearest to that of the bronze
original.[1172] A marble head from Apollonia in Epeiros, now in the
British Museum, which so closely resembles the head of the _Westmacott
Athlete_ that the missing sections of the neck and shoulders were
restored by a cast from the latter, is somewhat different in style.
For while the Westmacott head is a mechanical copy, this Greek head is
full of vigor, disclosing Attic characteristics of the early fourth
century B. C., and obviously is an Athenian imitation of the original,
like the statue from Eleusis.[1173] A more remote variant is the
beautiful marble head formerly in the possession of Dr. Philip Nelson
in Liverpool, but now in America, which is not an exact copy of any of
the known variants, but so closely resembles the Capitoline type of
_Wounded Amazon_, assigned first by Otto Jahn and later by Furtwaengler
to Kresilas, that it must be by the same hand.[1174] This head also
reminds us of that of the Kresilæan _Diomedes_ of the Munich Glyptothek
(Pl. 21),[1175] though the hair-treatment is Polykleitan.[1176] Both
show a modification of Polykleitan forms under Attic influence. The
numerous fine copies indicate that the original was a well-known work.
That it was Polykleitan is clear from a study of the heads, which show
a great resemblance to that of the _Doryphoros_, and of the body forms,
which resemble those of both the _Doryphoros_ and the _Diadoumenos_.
While some believe this original a work of Polykleitos himself,[1177]
others think that it was by one of his pupils or successors, who
imitated the master’s early style.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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