Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic ArtHyde, Walter Woodburn
History
Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic Art
Hyde, Walter Woodburn
Olympics; Sculpture, Greek; Sports -- Greece
though delicately rounded, roll of flesh between the brow and the upper
eyelid, which is continued right round above the inner corner of the
eye, to join the swelling at the side of the nose, which itself passes
on into the cheek.”[2144] He detects this same peculiarity in certain
other Skopaic heads, notably in the _Apollo_ from the Mausoleion and
the _Demeter_ from Knidos, though it is quite lacking in the Tegea male
heads. It all goes to show that Skopas was not strictly consistent in
his treatment of the eye. The lower face of the _Atalanta_ is also
longer and more oval than that of the male heads, and thus shows Attic
rather than Peloponnesian influence. If it is difficult, then, to
conceive of the _Atalanta_ and the male heads as the work of the same
sculptor, the contrast, both in structure and expression, between these
two heads of Herakles, the one from Tegea, the other from Sparta, makes
it more difficult to assume the same authorship for both; for here we
can not explain the difference as the contrast between the types of
hero and heroine; here we are comparing two heads which are supposedly
of the same hero.
THE STYLES OF SKOPAS AND LYSIPPOS COMPARED.
[Illustration: FIG. 74.—Attic Grave-Relief, found in the Bed of the
Ilissos, Athens. National Museum, Athens.]
[Illustration: FIG. 75.—Statue of the so-called _Meleager_. Vatican
Museum, Rome.]
In view, then, of the differences enumerated I should hesitate to
assign a Skopaic origin to the head from Sparta. In the lower part of
the face, with its small mouth and delicate chin, I see signs only of
Praxitelean influence; in the upper part I am much more inclined to see
affinities to the art-tendencies of Lysippos, as we now know them from
the statue of Agias. In the present state of our knowledge it is not
difficult to separate works of Praxitelean origin from those of Skopas;
but it is a very different thing to distinguish those of Skopaic origin
from those of Lysippos; here the line distinguishing the two masters
is much finer and harder to draw. Before the discovery of the Tegea
heads, the deep-set eye,[2145] prominent brow, and “breathing” mouth
were looked upon as characteristic features of Lysippos, as they were
known to us from representations of Alexander, especially on coins.
We now know that these traits belonged to Skopas to a much greater
extent. When the _Agias_ was found, and before its true authorship had
been determined, Homolle, as we have seen, had at first classed it
as showing the manner of Lysippos, only later to see more of Skopas
than Lysippos in it. Such a conclusion was natural so long as we
regarded the _Apoxyomenos_ as the key to Lysippan art. By assigning
these traits definitely to Skopas, we were compelled to view the work
of Lysippos as conventional and somewhat lifeless in comparison. But
with the assumption that the statue of Agias represented true Lysippan
characteristics, we were forced to recognize that the same traits
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