C.);[2372] and of Lysippos, victor in παίδων πάλη some time between Ols. 149 and 157 (= 184 and 152 B. C.).[2373] Of the first century A. D., Pausanias mentions three victors without statues: Artemidoros, who won παγκράτιον in Ol. 212 (= 69 A. D.);[2374] Polites, victor in στάδιον, δίαυλος and δόλιχος in Ol. 212;[2375] and Hermogenes, victor in στάδιον twice, δίαυλος once, and as ὁπλίτης thrice, in Ols. 215, 216, 217 (= 81-89 A. D.).[2376] The words of Pliny, _Olympiae, ubi omnium qui vicissent statuas dicari mos erat_[2377] refer, of course, as we have already pointed out, only to the privilege and not to the actual fact, for many victors would have no statues, as it was necessary for them or their relatives or city-states to meet the expenses of their erection.[2378] No more is the rest of his statement to be taken literally, _i. e._, that those victors who were victorious three times had the right to erect portrait statues in their honor; for we have, as has already been shown, at least one exception.[2379] Besides we know that portrait statues were practically unknown before the fourth century B. C. Most of the victor statues were mere types—those of Hermes and Herakles being common—without individualized features, simply representing the various contests by position or some characteristic, _e. g._, the helmet and shield for “hoplite” victors.[2380] Five of these inscriptions have been referred to the sixth and fifth centuries B. C.[2381] Of these the inscribed base of Pantares was found near the South Altis wall, and the statue must originally have stood east of the temple of Zeus, near the chariot of Gelo (90), for these two were the only victors from Gela, and won in the same kind of contest and at nearly the same date.[2382] The statues of Phrikias of Pelinna and Phanas of Pellene, both representing victors in the heavy-armed race, to which I have ascribed the two archaic marble heads (Fig. 30), the former found west of the temple of Zeus and the latter to the south of it, must originally have stood in the area of the later temple and then have been removed.[2383] That of an unknown victor, whose name ended in ...αδας,[2384] the two fragments of whose base were found, one near the Heraion and the other to the east of the temple of Zeus, should have stood near the statues of the only other pancratiasts of a similar age, either near those of Dorieus (61), who won in Ols. 87 to 89 (= 432 to 424 B. C.), and Damagetos (62), who won in Ols. 82 and 83 (= 452 and 448 B. C.), in the zone of the _Bull_, or near that of Timasitheos (82), who won some time between Ols. (?) 65 and 67 inclusive (= 520 and 512 B. C.), in the zone of the _Victory_. Lastly, the second inscribed base of Xenombrotos (133), found near the Council-house outside the South Altis wall, doubtless once stood near the first (the epigram from which is preserved by Pausanias, VI, 14.12), along this wall to the east of the base of Telemachos.[2385]