It has already been shown in this work, from experiments on animals, and from the physiological effects and physical properties of chloroform, that accidents from this agent would arise by its suddenly paralyzing the heart, if it were not sufficiently diluted with air; and a careful review of all the recorded cases of fatal accident shows that nearly every one of them has happened in this way, and not from any neglect in watching the symptoms induced, or mistaking their import. The first rule, therefore, in giving chloroform, is to take care that the vapour is so far diluted that it cannot cause sudden death, without timely warning of the approaching danger; and the next rule is to watch the symptoms as they arise. A description of those symptoms, and what they indicate, has already been given. I have previously stated that the most exact way of giving chloroform to a patient is to put so much of it into a bag or balloon as will make four per cent. of vapour when it is filled up with the bellows; but I have not often resorted to this plan, on account of its being somewhat troublesome. I have previously described (p. 81) the inhaler which I employ. By arranging the bibulous paper suitably, and by ascertaining, with the inhaler in the scales, how much chloroform a given quantity of air carries off at different temperatures, I am able to produce very uniform results in the administration of chloroform. But, as I previously stated, those who do not wish to have the trouble of studying a suitable inhaler, may give chloroform on a handkerchief without danger, and with results sufficiently certain, by diluting this agent with an equal measure of spirits of wine. As the spirit (nearly all of it) remains behind, it is desirable, in a protracted operation, to change the handkerchief or sponge, now and then, for a dry one. TREATMENT OF SUSPENDED ANIMATION FROM CHLOROFORM. It is probable that artificial respiration, very promptly applied, will restore all those patients who are capable of being restored from an overdose of chloroform. All the patients who are related to have been restored after this agent has occasioned a complete state of suspended animation, have been resuscitated by this means. It is only by artificial respiration that I have been able to recover animals from an overdose of chloroform, when I felt satisfied that they would not recover spontaneously. And under these circumstances I have not been able to restore them, even by this means, except when a tube had been introduced into the trachea, by an incision in the neck, before giving them what would have been the fatal dose.