Many other methods have been from time to time suggested as accessories to the ordinary operations of uranoplasty and staphyloraphy, and some of these need a cursory notice. Passavant stitched the halves of the velum to the posterior pharyngeal wall by an operation, known as “staphylo-pharyngoraphy.” Schönbein and Trendelenburg suggested “staphyloplasty” as an improvement, _i. e._ taking a flap of mucous membrane from the posterior pharyngeal wall and stitching this to the hinder wall of the velum. Both these operations aimed at totally shutting off the nose from the mouth; but in practice this was found to be not only uncomfortable, but also injurious. Smell and hearing were both interfered with, and breathing could only be carried on through the mouth; actual inflammatory troubles followed, which necessitated the communication being reopened. Von Mosetig Moorhof attempted to improve upon these operations by allowing a fistula to remain at the position of the anterior palatine canal, which could be filled with an obturator by day to prevent the objectional nasal twang, and at night could be left open for breathing purposes. Still more heroic are the operations which have been undertaken for the closure of palatal clefts by tissue taken from the face. Only three such cases, are, I believe, on record and of these two were for acquired deformities, and but one was for a congenital deficiency. Blasius operated in a case where both the nose and the palate had been destroyed, by dissecting up a flap from the forehead attached to a long pedicle. This he easily twisted down into the mouth owing to the absence of the nose, and stitched into the gap. Success, however, did not follow from the drying effect of the double current of air. The same method was tried on the cadaver by Nussbaum, who demonstrated the possibility of drawing the flap through a slit in the nostril into the mouth and fixing it there; but he never had the opportunity of operating upon the living subject. Professor Thiersch in 1868 successfully closed a hole in the hard palate, the result of a gunshot injury. He chiselled away the alveolar process, and turned in through this a flap consisting of the whole thickness of the cheek, its base being close to the nose.