On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 1 (of 2)Somerville, Mary
History
On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 1 (of 2)
Somerville, Mary
Matter -- Constitution; Microscopy; Natural history
The Aspidieæ form an extensive and widely distributed group, embracing
several of our common British species. One of these is the genus
Lastrea, which has, for the most part, lanceolate fronds, bipinnate or
tripinnate in division, with linear lanceolate, and usually pinnatifid
pinnæ. The sori are nearly circular, seated upon the back of the veins,
and covered by a reniform indusium, which is attached by its sinus. In
Lastrea Filix-mas (fig. 57), one of our commonest ferns, the fronds
spring up in a rather spreading mass, from the extremity of a long scaly
caudex, and often present a vase-like tuft hollow in the centre. The
rachis, leafy through a third or a fourth of its length, is more or less
clothed with thin membranaceous scales, of a pale often brownish-golden
hue, a peculiarity common to the other Lastreæ. Lastrea Thelypteris, the
Marsh Fern, however, has them not, and differs also from most of its
congeners in having its sori submarginal. Its rhizome has a widely
creeping habit of growth. The Lastrea æmula has globular glands, sessile
over the whole under-surface of the fronds, which secrete a perfume like
new-made hay. From a similar cause, Lastrea rigida was botanically known
as Polypodium fragrans. This coumarine odour is possessed by several
other ferns, notably by Cheilanthes odora.
The Oleandra, which is a foreign genus, has simple fronds articulated
near to the rhizome, and its sori are placed on the tips of the parallel
veinlets. The Oleandra neriiformis, which grows on open spots, has an
erect rhizome, and assumes quite a shrubby habit, rising to from four to
six feet, and bearing at intervals whorls of fronds.
[Illustration: Fig. 58. Sorus and Indusium of Polystichum or Aspidium.]
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