On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 2 (of 2)Somerville, Mary
History
On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 2 (of 2)
Somerville, Mary
Matter -- Constitution; Microscopy; Natural history
In the flesh, on the ventral side of the Brachion, there is a deep
cleft, the edges of which as well as the whole interior of a tube of
which it is the orifice, are thickly covered with vibratile cilia. This
tube leads to a mouth with powerful jaws of unwonted structure, which is
so deeply sunk in the tissues of the body, that it never comes into
contact with the water. It opens into a gullet leading to a stomach,
intestine, and vent, at the posterior end of the body.
The vibrations of the cilia on the lobes of the animal’s head form two
circular currents in the water, like whirlpools, which draw all floating
particles into their vortices, and the streams from the two whirlpools
uniting into one current, flow off horizontally and pass immediately
over the slit on the ventral side of the animal. Some of the floating
particles are arrested by the cilia on the edges of the slit, and are
drawn into the sunken mouth by the vibrations of the cilia in the tube.
The edges of the slit act like lips, and seem to possess the sense of
taste, or of some modification of touch, which enables them to select
from the particles presented to them, such as are fit for food; these
are admitted into the mouth, where they are bruised by the powerful
jaws. The mouth or masticating apparatus is the most extraordinary and
complex part of this animal. It consists of two horny toothed jaws,
acting like hammers upon an anvil. The two hammers, which approach each
other from the dorsal sides of the body, are each formed of two parts
united by a hinge; the first parts correspond to the handles; the second
parts, which are bent at right angles to the first, resemble hands with
five or six finger-shaped teeth united by a thin membrane. The teeth are
parallel to one another when they meet on the anvil, and are seen
through the transparent mass tearing the food into fragments. Some of
the Rotifers resemble the Errant Annelids in being able to turn this
complicated machine inside-out through the ciliated tube and slit, so as
to bring it into contact with the water. When the food has been
masticated it is sent into the stomach, where it is digested. The whole
of this process is seen through the transparent and colourless body of
the Brachion, because its favourite food is the Syncryn velox, a minute
bright green plant, which from its active motions was at one time
believed to be an animal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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