On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 2 (of 2)Somerville, Mary
History
On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 2 (of 2)
Somerville, Mary
Matter -- Constitution; Microscopy; Natural history
The Eolis has a head prolonged into a pair of tentacles which are active
and as sensitive as antennæ. Another pair on the back have ten or twelve
narrow plates twisted in a spiral round them; the eyes are at the base
of these horns. The mouth contains horny jaws and a spiny tongue like a
mere strap covered by numerous transverse plates armed with recurved
spines not more than a sixth part the thickness of a human hair. Fig.
176 represents the tongue and some of the spines greatly magnified. The
mouth leads into a short and large membranous stomach, from each side of
which branches are sent off, from whence long canals traverse the
papillæ longitudinally, and perform the part of a liver. In many species
these tubes are brilliantly coloured, but none are more beautiful than
those in the Eolis coronata, which is found under stones, like a mass of
jelly, not larger than a pea, at low spring tides, on our own coasts.
When put into sea-water it expands till it is about an inch long (fig.
175). It is then pellucid, tinged with pink, and the central tubes in
its numerous papillæ are of a rich crimson hue, their surface reflects a
metallic blue, and their tips are opaque white; as the animal keeps its
papillæ in constant motion the effect is very pretty.
The Eolis coronata, like all its congeners, has a stinging apparatus,
consisting of an oblong bag, full of thread cells, placed at the
extremity of each papilla, from whence darts can be ejected through an
aperture in the tip. The whole of the Eolididæ are carnivorous, fierce,
and voracious, setting up their papillæ like the quills of a porcupine
when they seize their prey; they tear off the papillæ of their weaker
brethren, and even devour their own spawn, though their chief food
consists of zoophytes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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