On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 2 (of 2)Somerville, Mary
History
On Molecular and Microscopic Science, Volume 2 (of 2)
Somerville, Mary
Matter -- Constitution; Microscopy; Natural history
Most of the Vorticellæ, and probably the majority of Infusoria, remain
unchanged for a time within their cysts, being then in a state analogous
to the hybernal sleep of some of the reptiles. The cyst shelters them
from cold and draught, and, when heat and moisture are restored, they
resume their active vitality. The motions of the Infusoria are probably
automatic, and in some instances consensual; they have neither true
eyespecks, though their whole body seems to be conscious of light and
darkness; nor have they ears; and, with the exception of touch, which
the Vorticellæ have in a marvellous degree, it may be doubted whether
the Infusoria have any organs of sense whatever, though they avoid
obstacles and never jostle one another. The vibrations of their cilia
are involuntary as in plants, an instance of the many analogies which
perpetually occur between the lowest tribes of the two great kingdoms of
nature. In both there are examples of propagation by bisection,
conjugation, budding, and the alternation of generation, which occurs
more frequently among Protozoa than among any other class of animals.
There is a perfect resemblance between Zoospores and Protozoa; they both
cease to move, the Zoospore when it secretes its cellulose coat and
becomes a winter or resting spore, the Protozoon previous to encysting,
a process presumed to be universal among that class of animals, before
subdivision or reproduction begins. It is the dried cysts or germs of
the Infusoria that float in the atmosphere as winter spores do, and it
is believed that, like the fungi, the same germs may develope themselves
into several different forms according to the nature of the liquid into
which they may chance to be deposited; consequently, it is not necessary
that the variety of germs should be very great, although the Infusoria
themselves are of numerous forms.[22]
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