Having by chance glanced over a pamphlet by an Englishman, a Mr Withers, we find there has been jousting between that gentleman and our Scottish knights, backed by their squire the Edinburgh Reviewer, in which the discomfiture of the knights has been wrought by simple hands. It seems Sir Henry Steuart, forgetful that his own bright fame, which rivals that of the discoverers of steam-power and gas[42], though of comparatively quick growth, will endure for ages; and led astray, probably, by the foolish adage, “soon ripe, soon rotten,” had stated unqualifiedly, that “fast grown timber will sooner decay, and is of opener weaker texture than slow grown of the same kind;” and on these false premises concluded, that all culture or application of manure to further the growth of timber is improper—winding up with some patriotic flourish about danger to our war navy, from Mr Withers {199} rendering the British oak of such exceedingly rapid growth as to be soft and perishable as mushrooms. Withers completely demolishes his literary and scientific adversaries, but is, withal, so very imperfectly acquainted with the subject—himself, and also his junto of experienced correspondents, that we shall attempt a few lines in elucidation. * * * * * We shall first state our facts, accompanied with explanatory remarks. No. 1. An ash tree of about 18 inches diameter, and 65 years of age. The first 35 years, the annual growths were of middle size, and the timber weighty and tough; the following 15 years, very small, light, porous, and free; the latter 15 of middle size, and of fair quality. This tree had been growing till about 49 years of age in a grassy avenue, of dry clay soil, and close by a deep ditch. About sixteen years back, the ditch had been filled up, and the ground ploughed and manured regularly till the tree was cut down. After 35 years’ growth, the scorching roots of the ash had rendered the soil so dry, that the tree had run entirely to reproduction: _Nearly all the nourishment from the ground assimilated in the leaves being expended in forming seed, no extension of the top had taken place, and_ {200} _thence no thickening of the bole being necessary for support, no wood proper had been deposited on the trunk save the annual rings of lineal tubes to convey the sap, which constituted a brittle light wood, of very slight lateral adhesion_[43]. After the ditch was filled up, and the surrounding ground ploughed and manured, the increased supply of moisture and nourishment had induced a considerable new extension of top (which was quite visible in fine young healthy branches rising from a stunted base), and consequent necessary thickening of stem by annual layers of proper dense wood, along with the lineal annual tubes.