(1) The Kalpabhavas again are subdivided into twelve genera who live in the Kalpas after which they are named; viz,— 1. Saudharma; 2. Îśâna; 3. Sanatkumâra; 4. Mâhendra; 5. Brahmaloka; 6. Lântaka; 7. Śukra or Mahâśukla; 8. Sahasrâra; 9. Ânata (Âṇaya); 10. Prâṇata (Pâṇaya); 11. Âraṇa; 12. Achyuta. (2) The Kalpâtîtas are subdivided into—(a) the Graiveyakas, living on the upper part of the universe; and (b) the Anuttaras or those above whom there are no others. (a) The Graiveyakas are of nine species, viz.— 1. Sudarsaṇas; 2. Supratipandhas; 3. Maṇoramas; 4. Sarvabhadras; 5. Suviśâlas; 6. Somaṇasas; 7. Sumaṅkasas; 8. Prîyaṅkaras; 9. Âdityas or Nandikaras. (b) the Anuttara gods are of five orders: viz.— 1. Vijayas; 2. Vaijayantas; 3. Jayantas; 4. Aparâjitas; and 5. Sarvârthasiddhas. [Footnote: Conf. _Ratnasâgara_, bh. II, pp. 616, 617; _Jour. Asiat._ IXme Ser. tome XIX, p. 259; _Sac. Bks. E_. vol. XLV, p. 226 f. See also _Rev. de l'Histoire des Relig_. tom. XLVII, pp. 34-50, which has appeared since the above was written, for "La doctrine des êtres vivants dans la Religion Jaina".] These Anuttara gods inhabit the highest heavens where they live for varying lengths of time as the heavens ascend; and in the fifth or highest—the great Vimâna called Sarvârthasiddha—they all live thirty-three Sâgaropamas or periods of unimagiable duration. Still all the gods are mortal or belong to the _saṁsâra_. Above these is the paradise of the Siddhas or perfected souls, and the _Uttarâdhyana Sûtra_ gives the following details of this realm of the perfected, or the paradise of the Jainas:—[Footnote: See _ante_, p. 11, note 10; The following extract is from _Sac. Books of the East_, vol. XLV, pp. 211-213.] "The perfected souls are those of women, men, hermaphrodites, of orthodox, heterodox, and householders. Perfection is reached by people of the greatest, smallest and middle size; [Footnote: The greatest size—_ogâhaṇâ_—of men is 500 dhanush or 2000 cubits, the smallest is one cubit.] on high places, underground, on the surface of the earth, in the ocean, and in waters (of rivers, etc.). "Ten hermaphrodites reach perfection at the same time, twenty women, one hundred and eight men; four householders, ten heterodox, and one hundred and eight orthodox monks. "Two individuals of the greatest size reach perfection (simultaneously), four of the smallest size, and one hundred and eight of the middle size. Four individuals reach perfection (simultaneously) on high places, two in the ocean, three in water, twenty underground; and where do they go on reaching perfection? Perfected souls are debarred from the non-world (Aloka); they reside on the top of the world; they leave their bodies here (below) and go there, on reaching perfection.