[15] It is undoubted that several American races have been destroyed within 300 years; others having been reduced to a few families, will soon disappear. The Charruas were exterminated in 1831 by the Spaniards of South America: root and branch, as Dr. Latham says. In 1835, four years later, the English of Van Diemen’s Land, after a horrible massacre, transported 210 Tasmanians, men, women, and children, to a small island (Flinders), in Bass’ Straits. In 1842, after seven years of exile, the number of these unfortunates amounted to 54! This was all that remained of a race which, 40 years previously, occupied the whole of Van Diemen’s Land, as large as Ireland, and we may soon learn that none of them are in existence. The Malays have entirely destroyed the black races who preceded them in certain isles of the great Indian Archipelago. The Guanches now only exit in a mummified state. The black and prognathous race which occupied the isles of Japan before the arrival of the Mongolians, have left no other traces behind than their crania imbedded in the soil; and it is easy to foresee that within one or two centuries all the black races will have disappeared from these parts, and have been succeeded by Malayans and Europeans. [16] Gerdy, _Physiologie Médicale_, t. i, p. 290. Paris, 1832. [17] Berard, _Cours de Physiologie_, t. i, p. 465. Paris, 1845. [18] _Journal de Physiologie_, t. i, p. 120. 1858. [19] Macedones qui Alexandriam in Ægypto, qui Seleuciam ac Babyloniam, quique alias sparsas per orbem colonias habent in Syros, Parthos, Ægyptos degenerarunt. _Tit. L._, lib. xxxviii., § 217. [20] All the Gauls were not light haired; but those who, three centuries before our era, invaded Greece and Asia Minor, were fair haired, according to all testimony; they consequently belonged to the Kimri race. [21] Gliddon, _The Monogenists and the Polygenists_. Philadelphia, 1857. George Pouchet, _De la Pluralité des races humaines_, p. 136. Paris, 1858. [22] Volney, _Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte_, t. i, p. 98. Paris, 1757. [23] Knox, _The Races of Man_. 8vo, London, 1850. [24] Serres, _Rapport sur les resultats scientifiques du voyage de l’Astrolobe et de la Zélée_ (Comptes Rendus, t. xiii, p, 648.). [The size of the penis is not a constant character in the “Ethiopian” male. Instances, however, exist of its enormous development in the west African Negro.--EDITOR.] [25] Theodor Waitz (of Marburg), _Anthropologie der Naturvölker_, p. 203. Leipzig, 1859. [Translated into English for the Anthropological Society of London, and edited by J. Frederick Collingwood, Esq., F.G.S., F.R.S.L.: 8vo, London, 1863.--EDITOR.] Mollien, _Voyage dans l’intérieur de l’Afrique_. Rafnel, _Voyage dans l’Afrique occidentale_, 1846, p. 51. Mohammed-el-Tounsy, _Voyage au Darfour_, p, 227, trad. Jomard. Paris, 1845.