On the various forces of nature and their relations to each otherFaraday, Michael
Science
On the various forces of nature and their relations to each other
Faraday, Michael
Physics
the divergence which would be caused by an increase in the size of the
light--the more the divergence, the more the light is diffused and
lost. We are therefore restrained, by the condition of the light and
the apparatus, to a certain sized lamp. At Teignmouth, some of the
revolving lights have ten lamps and reflectors, all throwing their
light forward at once. But even with ten lamps and reflectors, we do
not get sufficient light; and we want, therefore, a means of getting a
light more intense than a candle in the space of a candle--not merely
an accumulation of candle upon candle, but a concentration, into the
space of a candle, of a greater amount of light; and it is here that
the electric light comes to be of so much value.
Let me now shew you what are the properties of that light which make
it useful for light-house illumination, and which has been brought
to a practical condition by the energy and constancy of Professor
Holmes. I will, first of all, shew you the image of the charcoal points
on the screen, and draw your attention to the spot where the light
is produced. There are the coal points. The two carbons are brought
within a certain distance; the electricity is being urged across by the
voltaic battery, and the coal points are brought into an intense state
of ignition. You will observe that the light is essentially given by
the carbons. You see that one is much more luminous than the other, and
that is the end which principally forms the spark. The other does not
shine so much, and there is a space between the two, which, although
not very luminous, is most important to the production of the light.
Dr. Tyndall will help me in shewing you that a blast of wind will blow
out that light--the electric light can, in fact, be blown out easier
than a candle. We have the power of getting our light where we please.
If I cause the electricity to pass between carbon and mercury, I get a
most intense and beautiful light--most of it being given off from the
portion of the mercury between the liquid and the solid pole. I can
shew you that the light is sometimes produced by the vapour between
the two poles better, if I take silver, than when I use mercury. Here
is the carbon pole, there is the silver, and there is the beautiful
green light, which comes from the intervening portions. Now, that light
is more easily blown out than the common lamp, the slightest puff of
wind being sufficient to extinguish it, as you will see if Dr. Tyndall
breathes upon it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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