The first glance shows that by such a mode of proceeding the
subsistence of a large army would be a matter of impossibility. The
collection made from the stores in any given district in the country
will be much less than if the troops had taken up their quarters in the
same district, for when thirty or forty men take possession of a
farmer’s house they can if necessary collect the last mouthful, but one
officer sent with a few men to collect provisions has neither time nor
means to hunt out all the provisions that may be stored in a house,
often also he has not the means of transport; he will therefore only be
able to collect a small proportion of what is actually forthcoming.
Besides, in camps the troops are crowded together in such a manner at
one point, that the range of country from which provisions can be
collected in a hurry is not of sufficient extent to furnish the whole
of what is required. What could be done in the way of supplying 30,000
men, within a circle of a mile in diameter, or from an area of three or
four square miles? Moreover it would seldom be possible to collect even
what there is, for the most of the nearest adjacent villages would be
occupied by small bodies of troops, who would not allow anything to be
removed. Lastly, by such a measure there would be the greatest waste,
because some men would get more than they required, whilst a great deal
would be lost, and of no benefit to any one.
The result is, therefore, that the subsistence of troops by forced
contributions in this manner can only be adopted with success when the
bodies of troops are not too large, not exceeding a division of 8,000
or 10,000 men, and even then it is only to be resorted to as an
unavoidable evil.
It cannot in general be avoided in the case of troops directly in front
of the enemy, such as advanced guards and outposts, when the army is
advancing, because these bodies must arrive at points where no
preparations could have been made, and they are usually too far from
the stores collected for the rest of the army; further, in the case of
moveable columns acting independently; and lastly, in all cases where
by chance there is neither time nor means to procure subsistence in any
other way.
The more troops are accustomed to live by regular requisitions, the
more time and circumstances permit the adoption of that way of
subsisting, then the more satisfactory will be the result. But time is
generally wanting, for what the troops get for themselves directly is
got much quicker.
3.—By regular requisitions.
This is unquestionably the simplest and most efficacious means of
subsisting troops, and it has been the basis of all modern wars.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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