However, it is not our intention to enter into details—into the whole
machinery of commissariat and army subsistence; we have only results in
view.
The result to be derived from a common-sense view of all the
circumstances in general, and the view which the experience of the wars
since the French revolution tends to confirm is,—that even the largest
army, if it carries with it provisions for a few days, may undoubtedly
be subsisted by contributions which, commencing at the moment of
entering a country, affect at first only the districts in the immediate
vicinity of the army, but afterwards, in the course of time, are levied
on a greater scale, over a range of country always increasing, and with
an ever increasing weight of authority.
This resource has no limits except those of the exhaustion,
impoverishment, and devastation of the country. When the stay of an
invading army is of some duration, the administration of this system at
last is handed over to those in the highest official capacity; and they
naturally do all they can to equalise its pressure as much as possible,
and to alleviate the weight of the tax by purchases; at the same time,
even an invader, when his stay is prolonged in his enemy’s country, is
not usually so barbarous and reckless as to lay upon that country the
entire burden of his support; thus the system of contributions of
itself gradually approaches to that of magazines, at the same time
without ever ceasing altogether, or sensibly losing any of that
influence which it exercises on the operations of the war; for there is
a wide difference between a case in which some of the resources which
have been drawn from a country are replaced by supplies brought from
more distant parts (the country, however, still remaining substantially
the source on which the army depends for its supplies), and the case of
an army which—as in the eighteenth century—provides for all its wants
from its own resources, the country in which it is operating
contributing, as a rule, nothing towards its support.
The great difference consists in two things,—namely, the employment of
the transport of the country, and its ovens. In this way, that enormous
burden of any army, that incubus which is always destroying its own
work, a military transport train, is almost got rid of.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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