1857 Rush of miners from Tuolumne, over Mono Trail, to Mono Diggings; Tom McGee, of Big Oak Flat, perhaps blazed Mono Trail. _Bodie Standard_, March 1, 1879; Wasson; Hodgdon. Beardsley and Hite put up canvas-covered house at Cedar Cottage site. Galen Clark settled at what is now Wawona, and with Milton Mann explored Mariposa Grove. Bunnell, p. 310; Brace, p. 85; Foley, p. 102. 1858 “Upper Hotel” (Cedar Cottage) built. Operated by Mr. and Mrs. John H. Neal. Bunnell, p. 310; Hutchings, 1886, p. 101. J. L. Cogswell party visited Tuolumne Grove of Big Trees. YNHA, 1937, pp. 60-63. 1859 W. S. Body located mineral deposits in region that later became famous as Bodie. Wasson, p. 5. First photograph made in Yosemite by C. L. Weed. Subject was Upper Hotel. Hutchings, 1886, p. 101; YNHA, 1929, p. 75. James C. Lamon preëmpted and took up permanent residence in Yosemite. Hutchings, 1886, p. 134; Corcoran, 1925. 1860 “Sheepherder Mine” (Tioga Mine) located. _Bodie Daily Free Press_, September 10, 1881. California State Geological Survey established, with Prof. Josiah Dwight Whitney in charge. Whitney, 1865, p. ix; Farquhar, 1925, pp. 15-23. 1861 Nine Bactrian camels taken to Nevada mines. Stopped in Calaveras Grove en route. Farquhar, 1925, p. 26. Mono County established. Coy, p. 182. C. E. Watkins, pioneer photographer, visited Yosemite Valley. YNHA, 1936, pp. 17-18. 1863 State Geological Survey made expedition to region between upper Merced and Tuolumne rivers. Whitney, 1865, p. 13. Artist Albert Bierstadt made first trip to Yosemite. YNHA, 1944, pp. 49-51. 1864 J. M. Hutchings took over Upper Hotel, and it became known as “Hutchings House.” Calif. Legis., p. 323; Hutchings, 1886, p. 102. Sonora Pass wagon road improved to serve Bodie, etc. Wasson, p. 59. Florence Hutchings was the first white child to be born in Yosemite. Hutchings, 1886, p. 144. Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Trees granted to California as public trust. Grant contained 48.6 square miles. Board of eight commissioners created, Frederick Law Olmsted, chairman. Galen Clark, guardian. U. S. Congress, p. 3444; YVC, 1877, p. 5; Matthews, 1906, pp. 382-387; YNHA, 1946, p. 107. I. W. Raymond, of Central American Steamship Transit Co., New York City, advocated to Senator Conness of California that the Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Grove be reserved as a State Grant for public enjoyment. The members of a proposed board of commissioners were recommended by Raymond and Conness jointly. Raymond, 1864; Farquhar, 1926, p. 77. 1866