Ontario Normal School Manuals: Science of EducationOntario. Department of Education
Science
Ontario Normal School Manuals: Science of Education
Ontario. Department of Education
Education; Educational psychology
=Use of Different Images in Teaching.=--The importance to the teacher of
an intimate knowledge of different types of imagery and of a further
acquaintance with the more prevailing images of particular pupils, is
evident in various ways. In the first place, different school subjects
may appeal more especially to different types of imagery. Thus a study
of plants especially involves visual, or sight, images; a study of
birds, visual and auditory images; oral reading and music, auditory
images; physical training, motor images; constructive work, visual,
tactile, and motor images; a knowledge of weights and measures, tactile
and motor images. On account of a native difference in forming images,
also, one pupil may best learn through the eye, another through the ear,
a third through the muscles, etc. In learning the spelling of words, for
example, one pupil may require especially to visualize the word, another
to hear the letters repeated in their order, and a third to articulate
the letters by the movement of the organs of speech, or to trace them in
writing. In choosing illustrations, also, the teacher will find that one
pupil best appreciates a visual illustration, a second an auditory
illustration, etc. Some young pupils, for instance, might best
appreciate a pathetic situation through an appeal to such sensory images
as hunger and thirst.
=An Illustration.=--The wide difference in people's ability to interpret
sensuous impressions is well exemplified in the case of sound stimuli.
Every one whose ear is physically perfect seems able to interpret a
sound so far as its mere quality and quantity are concerned. In the case
of musical notes, however, the very greatest difference is found in the
ability of different individuals to distinguish pitch. So also the
distinguishing of distance and direction in relation to sound is an
acquired ability, in which different people will greatly differ.
Finally, to interpret the external relations involved in the sound, that
is, whether the cry is that of an insect or a bird, or, if it is the
former, from what kind of bird the sound is proceeding, this evidently
is a phase of sense interpretation in which individuals differ very
greatly. Yet an adequate development of the sense of hearing might be
supposed to give the individual an ability to interpret his surroundings
in all these ways.
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