Ontology, or the Theory of BeingCoffey, P. (Peter)
Philosophy
Ontology, or the Theory of Being
Coffey, P. (Peter)
Ontology
continues, “a substantial union is such a conjunction of two
substantial realities that there results from it one substantial
something, which is truly and properly one”—“unio enim
substantialis, est talis duarum rerum substantialium conjunctio,
per quam resultat unum aliquid substantiale quod vere et proprie
sit unum,”(297)—and he concludes that “there is something
substantial wanting in the human nature of Christ, _viz._
personality, which, of course, is most abundantly supplied in the
hypostatic union by the Divine Person”—“reliquum est, ut naturae
humanae in Christo aliquid desit substantiale, nempe personalitas,
quod per unionem hypostaticam cumulatissime suppleatur a
Verbo.”(298) Now, this “aliquid substantiale” cannot be “aliquid
naturale” in the sense that it is something _constitutive_ of the
human substance or nature; for the human substance or nature of
Christ is certainly complete and perfect as a substance or nature.
It must be some complement or mode, that is naturally due to it,
but supernaturally supplied by the Person of the Divine Word.(299)
This brings us to the view that subsistence is a something
positive, distinct in some real way, and not merely in our
concepts, from the complete individual substance.
According to the more common view of catholic philosophers (and
theologians) subsistence is some positive perfection really distinct from
the complete individual nature. But the supporters of this general view
explain it in different ways. We have already referred to the view of
certain Thomists who, identifying _subsistence_ with the _actual
existence_ of the complete substance or nature, place a real distinction
between the existence and the substance or nature. Other Thomists, while
defending the latter distinction, point out that actual existence confers
no real perfection, but only actualizes the real; they hold, therefore,
that subsistence is not existence, but is rather a perfection of the real,
essential, or substantial order, as distinct from the existential order—a
perfection presupposed by actual existence, and whose proper function is
to _unify_ all the substantial constituents and accidental determinations
of the individual substance or nature, thus making it a really unitary
being—“unum ens per se”—proximately capable of being actualized by the
simple existential act: which latter is the ultimate actuality of the real
being: _esse est ultimus actus_.(300)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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