Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of lightNewton, Isaac
Science
Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light
Newton, Isaac
Optics -- Early works to 1800
_Obs._ 12. These Observations were made in the open Air. But farther to
examine the Effects of colour'd Light falling on the Glasses, I darken'd
the Room, and view'd them by Reflexion of the Colours of a Prism cast on
a Sheet of white Paper, my Eye being so placed that I could see the
colour'd Paper by Reflexion in the Glasses, as in a Looking-glass. And
by this means the Rings became distincter and visible to a far greater
number than in the open Air. I have sometimes seen more than twenty of
them, whereas in the open Air I could not discern above eight or nine.
[Illustration: FIG. 3.]
_Obs._ 13. Appointing an Assistant to move the Prism to and fro about
its Axis, that all the Colours might successively fall on that part of
the Paper which I saw by Reflexion from that part of the Glasses, where
the Circles appear'd, so that all the Colours might be successively
reflected from the Circles to my Eye, whilst I held it immovable, I
found the Circles which the red Light made to be manifestly bigger than
those which were made by the blue and violet. And it was very pleasant
to see them gradually swell or contract accordingly as the Colour of the
Light was changed. The Interval of the Glasses at any of the Rings when
they were made by the utmost red Light, was to their Interval at the
same Ring when made by the utmost violet, greater than as 3 to 2, and
less than as 13 to 8. By the most of my Observations it was as 14 to 9.
And this Proportion seem'd very nearly the same in all Obliquities of my
Eye; unless when two Prisms were made use of instead of the
Object-glasses. For then at a certain great obliquity of my Eye, the
Rings made by the several Colours seem'd equal, and at a greater
obliquity those made by the violet would be greater than the same Rings
made by the red: the Refraction of the Prism in this case causing the
most refrangible Rays to fall more obliquely on that plate of the Air
than the least refrangible ones. Thus the Experiment succeeded in the
colour'd Light, which was sufficiently strong and copious to make the
Rings sensible. And thence it may be gather'd, that if the most
refrangible and least refrangible Rays had been copious enough to make
the Rings sensible without the mixture of other Rays, the Proportion
which here was 14 to 9 would have been a little greater, suppose 14-1/4
or 14-1/3 to 9.
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