Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of lightNewton, Isaac
Science
Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light
Newton, Isaac
Optics -- Early works to 1800
To explain this a little farther, suppose the concentrick Circles AV,
and BX, [in _Fig._ 7.] represent the red and violet of any Order, which,
together with the intermediate Colours, constitute any one of these
Rings. Now these being view'd through a Prism, the violet Circle BX,
will, by a greater Refraction, be farther translated from its place than
the red AV, and so approach nearer to it on that side of the Circles,
towards which the Refractions are made. For instance, if the red be
translated to _av_, the violet may be translated to _bx_, so as to
approach nearer to it at _x_ than before; and if the red be farther
translated to av, the violet may be so much farther translated to bx as
to convene with it at x; and if the red be yet farther translated to
[Greek: aY], the violet may be still so much farther translated to
[Greek: bx] as to pass beyond it at [Greek: x], and convene with it at
_e_ and _f_. And this being understood not only of the red and violet,
but of all the other intermediate Colours, and also of every revolution
of those Colours, you will easily perceive how those of the same
revolution or order, by their nearness at _xv_ and [Greek: Yx], and
their coincidence at xv, _e_ and _f_, ought to constitute pretty
distinct Arcs of Circles, especially at xv, or at _e_ and _f_; and that
they will appear severally at _x_[Greek: u] and at xv exhibit whiteness
by their coincidence, and again appear severally at [Greek: Yx], but yet
in a contrary order to that which they had before, and still retain
beyond _e_ and _f_. But on the other side, at _ab_, ab, or [Greek: ab],
these Colours must become much more confused by being dilated and spread
so as to interfere with those of other Orders. And the same confusion
will happen at [Greek: Ux] between _e_ and _f_, if the Refraction be
very great, or the Prism very distant from the Object-glasses: In which
case no parts of the Rings will be seen, save only two little Arcs at
_e_ and _f_, whose distance from one another will be augmented by
removing the Prism still farther from the Object-glasses: And these
little Arcs must be distinctest and whitest at their middle, and at
their ends, where they begin to grow confused, they must be colour'd.
And the Colours at one end of every Arc must be in a contrary order to
those at the other end, by reason that they cross in the intermediate
white; namely, their ends, which verge towards [Greek: Ux], will be red
and yellow on that side next the center, and blue and violet on the
other side. But their other ends which verge from [Greek: Ux], will on
the contrary be blue and violet on that side towards the center, and on
the other side red and yellow.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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