Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of lightNewton, Isaac
Science
Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light
Newton, Isaac
Optics -- Early works to 1800
_Obs._ 6. I placed another Knife by this, so that their edges might be
parallel, and look towards one another, and that the beam of Light might
fall upon both the Knives, and some part of it pass between their edges.
And when the distance of their edges was about the 400th part of an
Inch, the stream parted in the middle, and left a Shadow between the two
parts. This Shadow was so black and dark that all the Light which passed
between the Knives seem'd to be bent, and turn'd aside to the one hand
or to the other. And as the Knives still approach'd one another the
Shadow grew broader, and the streams shorter at their inward ends which
were next the Shadow, until upon the contact of the Knives the whole
Light vanish'd, leaving its place to the Shadow.
And hence I gather that the Light which is least bent, and goes to the
inward ends of the streams, passes by the edges of the Knives at the
greatest distance, and this distance when the Shadow begins to appear
between the streams, is about the 800th part of an Inch. And the Light
which passes by the edges of the Knives at distances still less and
less, is more and more bent, and goes to those parts of the streams
which are farther and farther from the direct Light; because when the
Knives approach one another till they touch, those parts of the streams
vanish last which are farthest from the direct Light.
_Obs._ 7. In the fifth Observation the Fringes did not appear, but by
reason of the breadth of the hole in the Window became so broad as to
run into one another, and by joining, to make one continued Light in the
beginning of the streams. But in the sixth, as the Knives approached one
another, a little before the Shadow appeared between the two streams,
the Fringes began to appear on the inner ends of the Streams on either
side of the direct Light; three on one side made by the edge of one
Knife, and three on the other side made by the edge of the other Knife.
They were distinctest when the Knives were placed at the greatest
distance from the hole in the Window, and still became more distinct by
making the hole less, insomuch that I could sometimes see a faint
lineament of a fourth Fringe beyond the three above mention'd. And as
the Knives continually approach'd one another, the Fringes grew
distincter and larger, until they vanish'd. The outmost Fringe vanish'd
first, and the middlemost next, and the innermost last. And after they
were all vanish'd, and the line of Light which was in the middle between
them was grown very broad, enlarging it self on both sides into the
streams of Light described in the fifth Observation, the above-mention'd
Shadow began to appear in the middle of this line, and divide it along
the middle into two lines of Light, and increased until the whole Light
vanish'd. This enlargement of the Fringes was so great that the Rays
which go to the innermost Fringe seem'd to be bent above twenty times
more when this Fringe was ready to vanish, than when one of the Knives
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