Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of lightNewton, Isaac
Science
Opticks : $b or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light
Newton, Isaac
Optics -- Early works to 1800
But in trying Experiments of this kind care must be had that the Light
be sufficiently homogeneal. For if Bodies be illuminated by the ordinary
prismatick Colours, they will appear neither of their own Day-light
Colours, nor of the Colour of the Light cast on them, but of some middle
Colour between both, as I have found by Experience. Thus red Lead (for
instance) illuminated with the ordinary prismatick green will not appear
either red or green, but orange or yellow, or between yellow and green,
accordingly as the green Light by which 'tis illuminated is more or less
compounded. For because red Lead appears red when illuminated with white
Light, wherein all sorts of Rays are equally mix'd, and in the green
Light all sorts of Rays are not equally mix'd, the Excess of the
yellow-making, green-making and blue-making Rays in the incident green
Light, will cause those Rays to abound so much in the reflected Light,
as to draw the Colour from red towards their Colour. And because the red
Lead reflects the red-making Rays most copiously in proportion to their
number, and next after them the orange-making and yellow-making Rays;
these Rays in the reflected Light will be more in proportion to the
Light than they were in the incident green Light, and thereby will draw
the reflected Light from green towards their Colour. And therefore the
red Lead will appear neither red nor green, but of a Colour between
both.
In transparently colour'd Liquors 'tis observable, that their Colour
uses to vary with their thickness. Thus, for instance, a red Liquor in a
conical Glass held between the Light and the Eye, looks of a pale and
dilute yellow at the bottom where 'tis thin, and a little higher where
'tis thicker grows orange, and where 'tis still thicker becomes red, and
where 'tis thickest the red is deepest and darkest. For it is to be
conceiv'd that such a Liquor stops the indigo-making and violet-making
Rays most easily, the blue-making Rays more difficultly, the
green-making Rays still more difficultly, and the red-making most
difficultly: And that if the thickness of the Liquor be only so much as
suffices to stop a competent number of the violet-making and
indigo-making Rays, without diminishing much the number of the rest, the
rest must (by _Prop._ 6. _Part_ 2.) compound a pale yellow. But if the
Liquor be so much thicker as to stop also a great number of the
blue-making Rays, and some of the green-making, the rest must compound
an orange; and where it is so thick as to stop also a great number of
the green-making and a considerable number of the yellow-making, the
rest must begin to compound a red, and this red must grow deeper and
darker as the yellow-making and orange-making Rays are more and more
stopp'd by increasing the thickness of the Liquor, so that few Rays
besides the red-making can get through.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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