5. Topographical Bureau, comprising a dozen officers employed in mapping. 1. Napoleon’s Personal Staff consisted of: (_a_) The Civil Secretariat. (_b_) The Military Secretariat, which had charge of the Map, and took down Napoleon’s dictated Orders. (_c_) Several Generals, Aides de Camp to the Emperor, available for special missions. (_d_) Orderly Officers to carry Orders. (_e_) Equerries. 2. Berthier’s Staff comprised: (_a_) The Civil Secretariat. (_b_) The Military Secretariat. (_c_) A dozen Aides de Camp. Berthier’s duty was to embody Napoleon’s instructions in Orders, and transmit them. 3. The Staff proper, which comprised a score of officers, and was divided into three branches: (_a_) Correspondence, orders, movements, states, intelligence. (_b_) Camps, billets, police, subsistence, hospitals. (_c_) Laws, decrees, conscription, prisoners. UNITED STATES STAFF IN THE CIVIL WAR An example of organization of a Head-Quarters Staff in a great war may be found in the Civil War, in the United States. When General Grant was Commander-in-Chief, his Staff consisted of nineteen Officers: Chief of Staff 1 A. G. Department 3 Q.M.G. Department 4 Provost-Marshals 2 Military Secretaries 2 A.D.C.’s 7 PRUSSIAN STAFF IN 1870 It may be interesting to see how the Prussian Head-Quarters Staff was organized for the strategical conduct of the War of 1870. At the head was Moltke, the “Chief of the General Staff” in peace and war, who really directed the operations, although nominally only the adviser of the King of Prussia, the Supreme Commander. Moltke was assisted, and replaced when absent, by the Q.M.G., who acted as Chief of the Office. The General Staff under Moltke consisted of twelve officers, and was organized in three Sections as follows: 1. Operations. 2. Railways and Communications. 3. Intelligence. Each Section was under a Colonel, the “Chief of the Section,” with one Field Officer and two Captains as his assistants. The Commissary-General of Supplies, and the Director of Military Telegraphs were also attached to the Staff. Each _Army_ had the following Staff, comprising six to nine General Staff Officers: One Chief of General Staff. One Chief Q.M.G. One to two Field Officers. Three to five other Officers. 2. THE SUPPLY AND TRANSPORT SERVICES