Organization: How Armies are Formed for WarFoster, Hubert
History
Organization: How Armies are Formed for War
Foster, Hubert
Armies -- Organization
Infantry: French _infanterie_; Italian _infanteria_; Latin
_infant-em_, child (16th cent.), _i.e._ one who cannot
speak--_in_, not, _fari_, speak.
Lancers: men armed with the lance. French _lance_; Latin _lancea_;
Greek _lonche_.
Line: French _ligne_; Latin _linea_, a line or string--_linum_,
flax.
Musketeers: men armed with the Musket, which see.
Ordnance Corps: the R.A. and R.E., which were controlled by the
Master-General of the Ordnance, an officer created as early as
1414.
Patrol (late 17th cent.) French _patrouille_:
(1539)--_patrouiller_, to paddle in mud--Old French _patoueil_,
mud.
Platoon: French _peloton_, a little ball--_pelote_, a small bundle;
Latin _pila_, a ball.
Rear: Old French _riere_, behind; Latin _retro_, back.
Regiment: French _régiment_, rule; Latin _regiment-um_--_regere_,
rule.
Rifles: a body of soldiers armed with rifles. Rifle is short for
rifled gun; to rifle means to groove--_rive_, to tear.
Squad: French _escouade_; Italian _squadra_, a square; Latin
_ex-quadra-re_, to square, from _quatuor_, four.
Squadron: from Italian _squadrone_, a large square. [See Squad.]
Train: French _train_; Old French _trahiner_, to trail; Low Latin
_trahin-are_, from _trah-ere_, to draw.
Troop: French _troupe_, connected with root of _drive_, German
_treiben_, a drove; Italian _truppa_, by some connected with
Latin _turba_, a crowd, by a not uncommon process of bringing
the “r” before the vowel [cf. _brent_, burnt].
Vanguard: shortened to van; Old French _avant garde_--_avant_ is
Latin _ab-ante_, from in front. [See Guard.]
3. ARMS AND ACCOUTREMENTS
Accoutrements: French _accoutrement_; _accoutre_--_ad_, to, and
_coutre_, from Latin _custos_, keeper.
Ammunition: store for defence. Latin _ad-munition-em_--_munire_,
fortify, defend.
Arms: French _armes_; Latin _arma_.
Arsenal: _arx navalis_, naval citadel, or from an Arabic word.
Ball: French _balle_; Old German _bal_, from a Teutonic root found
in _bulge_, bole.
Bayonet: French _baïonnette_, from Bayonne, where first made.
Belt: Anglo-Saxon _belt_; Irish _balt_--from which Latin _balteus_,
a belt, probably derived.
Bullet: French _boulet_, a little ball--_boule_, a ball; Latin
_bulla_, a knob.
Cannon: _i.e._ the gun-barrel; Latin _canna_, a hollow cane.
Carbine: see Carbineers.
Carriage: Old French _charrier_, or _carier_, to carry. [See Cart.]
Cart: dim. of _car_; French _charette_; Old French _carete_; Low
Latin _careta_--_carrus_, a car.
Cartridge: corruption of _cartrage_; French _cartouche_, a charge
wrapped up in a cornet of paper; Latin _carta_, paper.
Cuirass: see Cuirassiers.
Equip: Old French _esquiper_, to equip; Norse _skipa_, to arrange,
shape.
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