A Sanskrit name for it is known, _lonica_ or _lounia_, which recurs in the modern languages of India.[354] The Greek name _andrachne_ and the Latin _portulaca_ are very different, as also the group of names, _cholza_ in Persian, _khursa_ or _koursa_ in Hindustani, _kourfa kara-or_ in Arab and Tartar, which seem to be the origin of _kurza noka_ in Polish, _kurj-noha_ in Bohemian, _Kreusel_ in German, without speaking of the Russian name _schrucha_, and some others of Eastern Asia.[355] One need not be a philologist to see certain derivations in these names showing that the Asiatic peoples in their migrations transported with them their names for the plant, but this does not prove that they transported the plant itself. They may have found it in the countries to which they came. On the other hand, the existence of three or four different roots shows that European peoples anterior to the Asiatic migrations had already names for the species, which is consequently very ancient in Europe as well as in Asia. It is very difficult to discover in the case of a plant so widely diffused, and which propagates itself so easily by means of its enormous number of little seeds, whether a specimen is cultivated, naturalized by spreading from cultivation, or really wild. It does not appear to be so ancient in the east as in the west of the Asiatic continent, and authors never say that it is a wild plant.[356] In India the case is very different. Sir Joseph Hooker says[357] that it grows in India to the height of five thousand feet in the Himalayas. He also mentions having found in the north-west of India the variety with upright stem, which is cultivated together with the common species in Europe. I find nothing positive about the localities in Persia, but so many are mentioned, and in countries so little cultivated, on the shores of the Caspian Sea, in the neighbourhood of the Caucasus, and even in the south of Russia,[358] that it is difficult not to admit that the plant is indigenous in that central region whence the Asiatic peoples overran Europe. In Greece the plant is wild as well as cultivated.[359] Further to the west, in Italy, etc., we begin to find it indicated in floras, but only growing in fields, gardens, rubbish-heaps, and other suspicious localities.[360] Thus the evidence of philology and botany alike show that the species is indigenous in the whole of the region which extends from the western Himalayas to the south of Russia and Greece. +New Zealand Spinach+—_Tetragonia expansa_, Murray.