=Balta Sound= is a fishing port on the east of Unst. It was formerly a prosperous centre for herrings. (pp. 123, 142.) =Hillswick= is a seaport in Northmavine parish in the north-west of Mainland. Hillswick Voe affords sheltered anchorage for vessels. (pp. 125, 156, 157.) [Illustration: Lerwick, N. (top)] [Illustration: Lerwick, S. (bottom)] =Lerwick= (4664), the capital and the only burgh of the county, and the most northerly town in Britain, lies on the west side of Bressay Sound, which forms a safe and commodious harbour. During the Dutch War, Cromwell built and garrisoned the fort. This may be taken as the beginning of the town. In 1781 the fort was put into a state of defence, and named Fort Charlotte in honour of George III’s Queen. It is now a Coast Guard Station and Royal Naval Reserve Headquarters. The Old Town, built on the side of a hill facing the harbour, has one narrow and irregular street running parallel to the shore, with numerous lanes branching off at right angles. Some of the houses at the south end of the town are built right into the sea; but elsewhere, the shore has been reclaimed, and an esplanade and wharves take the place of the “Lodberries” of former times. Victoria Pier (erected in 1888), Alexandra Wharf with the Fish Market, and the Boat Harbour, are among the latest harbour improvements. The New Town, which lies on the landward side of the hill, has wide streets and modern houses, the Central School being the principal building; while near by is the Gilbert Bain Hospital. The Docks are situated at the north end of the town, and here also are boat-building sheds, saw-mills and barrel factories. Adjoining the Anderson Institute is a Hostel for country girl-bursars attending the Institute. This handsome building, the gift of Robert H. Bruce, Esq., of Sumburgh, is the first building of its kind in Scotland. Lerwick has two weekly newspapers—_The Shetland Times_ and _The Shetland News_. At Sound, in the vicinity, is a Government wireless station. (pp. 103, 118, 120, 139, 140, 155.) [Illustration: Scalloway.] =Scalloway= (824), an ancient village, was at one time the capital. It is the chief port of call for steamers on the west, and is a centre for herring and white fishing. The Castle is the chief object of interest. (pp. 108, 110, 126, 139, 140, 153, 156.) =Sandwick=, in Dunrossness, is a busy fishing centre. (pp. 117, 142.) [Illustration: Fig. 1. Area of Orkney and of Shetland compared with that of Scotland] [Illustration: Fig. 2. Population of Orkney and Shetland compared with that of Scotland] [Illustration: Fig. 3. Comparative density of Population to the square mile (Each dot represents 10 persons)] [Illustration: Fig. 4. Proportionate areas of Corn and other Cultivations] [Illustration: Fig. 5. Proportionate areas of Chief Cereals] [Illustration: Fig. 6. Proportionate areas of land—Orkney] [Illustration: Fig 7. Proportionate areas of land—Shetland]